Delirium Bibliography

Delirium Bibliography books graphicWhat is the Delirium Bibliography? The searchable Delirium Bibliography page is one of our most popular features, allowing you to quickly gain access to the literature on delirium and acute care of older persons. It is primarily intended for clinicians and researchers interested in exploring these topics. The NIDUS team keeps it updated for you on a monthly basis!

How to Search for Articles: Search by author, title, year, and/or keywords. Each article is indexed by keywords taken from MEDLINE and other relevant databases. Click on the title of the article to read the abstract, journal, etc.

Reference Information

Title
Delayed Recall and Working Memory MMSE Domains Predict Delirium following Cardiac Surgery.
Authors
Price, C. C. Garvan, C. Hizel, L. Lopez, M. G. Billings, F. T.
Year
2017
Journal
J Alzheimers Dis
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Reduced preoperative cognition is a risk factor for postoperative delirium. The significance for type of preoperative cognitive deficit, however, has yet to be explored and could provide important insights into mechanisms and prediction of delirium. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to determine if certain cognitive domains from the general cognitive screener, the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), predict delirium after cardiac surgery. METHODS: Patients completed a preoperative MMSE prior to undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Following surgery, delirium was assessed throughout ICU stay using the Confusion Assessment Method for ICU delirium and the Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale. RESULTS: Cardiac surgery patients who developed delirium (n = 137) had lower total MMSE scores than patients who did not develop delirium (n = 457). In particular, orientation to place, working memory, delayed recall, and language domain scores were lower. Of these, only the working memory and delayed recall domains predicted delirium in a regression model adjusting for history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, age, sex, and duration of cardiopulmonary bypass. For each word not recalled on the three-word delayed recall assessment, the odds of delirium increased by 50%. For each item missed on the working memory index, the odds of delirium increased by 36%. Of the patients who developed delirium, 47% had a primary impairment in memory, 21% in working memory, and 33% in both domains. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve using only the working memory and delayed recall domains was 0.75, compared to 0.76 for total MMSE score. CONCLUSION: Delirium risk is greater for individuals with reduced MMSE scores on the delayed recall and working memory domains. Research should address why patients with memory and executive vulnerabilities are more prone to postoperative delirium than those with other cognitive limitations.

PMID

28697572

Keywords

Alzheimer’s disease
cardiovascular surgical procedures
cognition
cognitive dysfunction
confusion
dementia
screening
thoracic surgery

Page(s)
Issue

Search:
Total Records Found: 6289, showing 100 per page
TitleAuthorsJournalYearKeywords
Assessment of cognition: dementia and delirium : In consideration of the AWMF guidelines 038-013 and 084-002LG Krupp, S. Iglseder, B. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2024

Cognitive impairments
Diagnostics
Early detection
Geriatrics
Older people

Retrospective comparison of the effects of remimazolam and dexmedetomidine on postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery of the lower extremities under spinal anesthesia Lee, S. Oh, C. Jung, J. Hong, B. Jo, Y. Lee, S. Lim, C. Baek, S. Shin, M. Seo, H. Chung, W. J Anesth 2024

Benzodiazepines
Dexmedetomidine
Postoperative delirium
Remimazolam
Spinal anesthesia

Cluster nursing care based on 10S continuous quality improvement reduces incidence of postoperative delirium in BPH patients Li, R. X. Liu, J. Jin, P. Ye, X. Q. Xu, S. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue 2024

Humans
Male
*Delirium/prevention & control/epidemiology/etiology
*Postoperative Complications/prevention & control/epidemiology
Incidence
*Quality Improvement
*Quality of Life
*Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery
Transurethral Resection of Prostate
Nursing Care
Aged
continuous quality improvement
cluster nursing
10S management
benign prostatic
hyperplasia
delirium

Elderly patients with dysphagia in the intensive care unit: Association between malnutrition and delirium Liang, X. Li, X. Cheng, H. Wei, F. Li, T. Li, Y. Huang, Y. Lyu, J. Wang, Y. Nurs Crit Care 2024

critical care nursing
delirium
dysphagia
elderly
malnutrition

Global Research Trends in Postoperative Delirium and Its Risk Factors: A Bibliometric and Visual Analysis Liu, X. Huangfu, Z. Zhang, X. Ma, T. J Perianesth Nurs 2024

bibliometrics
delirium
postoperative complication
risk factors

Intensive care nurses' perceptions and awareness of delirium and delirium prevention guidelines Meghani, S. Timmins, F. Nurs Crit Care 2024

Humans
*Delirium/nursing/prevention & control
*Critical Care Nursing/standards
Female
*Practice Guidelines as Topic
Male
*Intensive Care Units
Ireland
Nursing Staff, Hospital/psychology/education
Adult
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
Surveys and Questionnaires
Attitude of Health Personnel
Middle Aged
Icu
assessment
delirium
delirium assessment
nurses

Characteristics associated with effectiveness in postoperative delirium research: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials with meta-regression and meta-analysis Meng, L. Zhao, X. Sun, Y. Cheng, S. Bao, L. Fang, K. Yu, Q. Zheng, Y. Wang, J. Luo, M. Gunderman, D. Vuckovic, N. Sidhu, A. S. Li, J. Li, G. Wolfe, J. W. Liu, Z. Adams, D. C. Br J Anaesth 2024

Humans
*Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
*Postoperative Complications/epidemiology/prevention & control
Delirium/prevention & control/epidemiology
Emergence Delirium/prevention & control/epidemiology
certainty of the evidence
intervention effectiveness
postoperative delirium
randomised controlled trial
trial characteristics

Electroencephalography as a tool for assessing delirium in hospitalized patients: A single-center tertiary hospital experience Mohamad Faizal, N. S. Tan, J. K. Tan, M. M. Khoo, C. S. Sahibulddin, S. Z. Zolkafli, N. Hod, R. Tan, H. J. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis 2024

Delirium
barthel index
electroencephalogram
neurocognitive
richmond agitation and sedation scale

Common molecular and pathophysiological underpinnings of delirium and Alzheimer's disease: molecular signatures and therapeutic indications Mosharaf, M. P. Alam, K. Gow, J. Mahumud, R. A. Mollah, M. N. H. BMC Geriatr 2024

Humans
*Alzheimer Disease/genetics/metabolism
*Delirium
Molecular Docking Simulation/methods
Aged
Computational Biology/methods
Protein Interaction Maps/physiology
Proteomics/methods
Biomarkers
Alzheimer’s disease
Common signaling pathways
Delirium
Drug repurposing
Essential drug targets
Molecular docking simulation

Evaluation of postoperative delirium in geriatric patients given acetaminophen with and without melatonin: A retrospective cohort study Muehrcke, M. N. Blackwelder, R. S. Weeda, E. R. Furlough, L. A. Shelton, J. E. Brace, S. M. Bragg, S. W. Int J Psychiatry Med 2024

comorbidity
medical illness
population management strategies
psychopharmacology

Effect of intranasal insulin on perioperative cognitive function in older adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial Sun, M. Ruan, X. Zhou, Z. Huo, Y. Liu, M. Liu, S. Cao, J. Liu, Y. H. Zhang, X. Ma, Y. L. Mi, W. Age Ageing 2024

Humans
Male
Female
Aged
*Administration, Intranasal
Double-Blind Method
*Insulin/administration & dosage
*Cognition/drug effects
*Postoperative Cognitive Complications/prevention &
control/diagnosis/etiology/epidemiology
Aged, 80 and over
Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage/adverse effects
Mental Status and Dementia Tests
Treatment Outcome
Biomarkers/blood
Orthopedic Procedures/adverse effects
Time Factors
insulin resistance
intranasal insulin
older people
older surgical patient
postoperative cognitive function
postoperative delirium (POD)

Predictive model of risk factors for 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis or sepsis-associated delirium based on the MIMIC-IV database Zhang, L. Li, X. Huang, J. Yang, Y. Peng, H. Yang, L. Yu, X. Sci Rep 2024

Humans
Risk Factors
*Sepsis/mortality/complications
Male
Female
Middle Aged
Aged
*Delirium/mortality/diagnosis
*ROC Curve
*Intensive Care Units
Databases, Factual
Prognosis
Hospital Mortality
Length of Stay
Aged, 80 and over
MIMIC- IV database
Prediction model
Sepsis with delirium

Exploring Causal Links Between Gut Microbiota and Geriatric Syndromes: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis Yao, Q. Chen, L. Cai, Y. Li, C. Wen, S. Yang, C. Zhang, Q. Zeng, Y. Zheng, S. Zou, J. Huang, G. Zeng, Q. Int J Med Sci 2024

Humans
*Mendelian Randomization Analysis
*Gastrointestinal Microbiome/genetics
*Genome-Wide Association Study
Aged
Frailty/genetics/microbiology
Parkinson Disease/genetics/microbiology
Syndrome
Depression/genetics/microbiology
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/genetics/microbiology
Geriatric syndrome
Gut microbiota
Mendelian randomization
SNPs

Intranasal administration of insulin on the incidence of postoperative delirium in middle-aged patients undergoing elective on-pump cardiac surgery (INIPOD-MOPS): a prospective double-blinded randomized control study protocol Yang, M. Yang, G. Lu, T. Cao, L. Xiao, C. Liang, Y. Ding, J. Jiang, X. Wang, W. Chen, F. Du, Z. Li, H. Trials 2024

Humans
Double-Blind Method
*Administration, Intranasal
Prospective Studies
*Insulin/administration & dosage
*Delirium/prevention & control/epidemiology/etiology
*Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects
Middle Aged
Incidence
*Elective Surgical Procedures
*Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Postoperative Complications/prevention & control/epidemiology/etiology
Female
Male
Treatment Outcome
Length of Stay
Hospital Mortality
4 a’s Test
Cardiac surgery
Delirium
Intranasally administered insulin

Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Postoperative Delirium Tripp, B. A. Dillon, S. T. Yuan, M. Asara, J. M. Vasunilashorn, S. M. Fong, T. G. Inouye, S. K. Ngo, L. H. Marcantonio, E. R. Xie, Z. Libermann, T. A. Otu, H. H. Biomolecules 2024

Humans
*Delirium/cerebrospinal fluid/metabolism
Aged
Female
Male
*Biomarkers/cerebrospinal fluid
*Metabolomics/methods
*Postoperative Complications/cerebrospinal fluid
Middle Aged
Proteomics/methods
Lipidomics
Aged, 80 and over
Case-Control Studies
Multiomics
delirium
metabolomics
multi-omics
proteomics
risk factors

Sex-stratified analyses of comorbidities associated with an inpatient delirium diagnosis using real world data Sirota, M. Kodama, L. Woldemariam, S. Tang, A. Li, Y. Kornak, J. Allen, I. E. Raphael, E. Oskotsky, T. Res Sq 2024

Delirium

Older Adults

Comorbidities

Mental Health

Inpatient delirium

Reasons influencing the nurses' prioritization process while preventing and managing delirium: findings from a qualitative study Sist, L. Ugenti, N. V. Chiappinotto, S. Messina, R. Rucci, P. Palese, A. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024

Humans
*Delirium/prevention & control/nursing
*Qualitative Research
Male
Female
Adult
Nurses/psychology
Middle Aged
Decision Making
Attitude of Health Personnel
Delirium
delirium/nursing
prevention
Management
Prioritisation
Qualitative analysis
Reasons
Thematic Analysis

Clinical and Cognitive Characteristics Associated with the Onset of Delirium in Postoperative Cardiovascular Surgery Patients Admitted to the ICU Sano, K. Watanabe, A. Kawaguchi, T. Sakamoto, Y. Fukuda, M. Prog Rehabil Med 2024

Icu
cognitive function
delirium
occupational therapy

Incidence and related risk factors for postoperative delirium following revision total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective nationwide inpatient sample database study Peng, Z. Wu, J. Wang, Z. Xie, H. Wang, J. Zhang, P. Yang, Q. Luo, Y. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024

Humans
*Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects
Male
Female
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Aged
Middle Aged
Incidence
*Databases, Factual
United States/epidemiology
*Postoperative Complications/epidemiology/etiology
*Delirium/epidemiology/etiology
Reoperation/statistics & numerical data
Aged, 80 and over
Inpatients
Adult
Length of Stay
Hospital Mortality
Delirium
Nationwide inpatient sample
Postoperative complications
Revision total knee arthroplasty

Value of the Safety Management System (VMS) frailty instrument as a frailty screener in care for older hospital patients: a systematic review Oud, F. M. M. Meulman, M. D. Merten, H. Wagner, C. van Munster, B. C. Eur Geriatr Med 2024

Humans
*Geriatric Assessment/methods
Aged
*Frail Elderly
*Frailty/diagnosis
*Accidental Falls
Safety Management
Delirium/diagnosis
Netherlands
Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data
Aged, 80 and over
Mass Screening/methods/instrumentation
Risk Assessment
Frailty
Older patient
VMS frailty instrument
Vulnerable

Prediction of Post-Operative Delirium in Older Adults from Preoperative Cognition and Alpha Power from Resting-State EEG Ning, M. Rodionov, A. Ross, J. M. Ozdemir, R. A. Burch, M. Lian, S. J. Alsop, D. Cavallari, M. Dickerson, B. C. Fong, T. G. Jones, R. N. Libermann, T. A. Marcantonio, E. R. Santarnecchi, E. Schmitt, E. M. Touroutoglou, A. Travison, T. G. Acker, L. Reese, medRxiv 2024

Postoperative Delirium

MoCA

Preoperative cognitive function

EEG

Gabapentinoids-Related Delirium Adverse Events: A Real-World Study from 2004 to 2022 Based on FAERS Nie, Z. Liang, C. Li, Z. Han, X. Zhang, R. J Pain Res 2024

Faers
adverse reactions
delirium
gabapentinoids
pharmacovigilance

TEGEST as promising tool for assessing the risk of perioperative neurocognitive disorders Nekvindová, K. Ivanová, K. Juríčková, L. Gabrhelík, T. BMC Geriatr 2024

Humans
Aged
Female
Male
Prospective Studies
Aged, 80 and over
*Neurocognitive Disorders/diagnosis/psychology
Neuropsychological Tests
Risk Assessment/methods
Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis/psychology/etiology
Mental Status and Dementia Tests
Postoperative Complications/diagnosis/psychology/etiology
Perioperative Period
Anaesthesia
Cognitive testing
Perioperative neurocognitive disorder
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction
Postoperative delirium
Senior

Incidence and Risk Factors of Developing Post-operative Delirium Among Elderly Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Chart Review Almashari, Y. Alshaya, R. A. Alenazi, R. R. Alanazi, A. M. Alhanan, R. Al-Shammari, F. A. Muawad, R. Cureus 2024

anesthesia
cross-sectional study
delirium
elderly
post-operative delirium
risk factors

Predictive factors for the duration of subsyndromal delirium in the intensive care unit Song, C. Wang, S. Liu, J. Xu, W. Yang, Y. Li, X. J Clin Nurs 2024

Humans
Male
Female
*Intensive Care Units
Retrospective Studies
Middle Aged
*Delirium/nursing/diagnosis
Aged
Risk Factors
Time Factors
Adult
duration
intensive care unit
subsyndromal delirium

Cognitive and functional change in skilled nursing facilities: Differences by delirium and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias Saczynski, J. S. Koethe, B. Fick, D. M. Vo, Q. T. Devlin, J. W. Marcantonio, E. R. Briesacher, B. A. J Am Geriatr Soc 2024

Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias
cognition
delirium
function
skilled nursing facilities

Effects of a Standardized Patient-Based Delirium Care Education Program Roh, Y. S. Jung, M. J. Issenberg, S. B. Res Theory Nurs Pract 2024

Humans
*Delirium/nursing
Male
Female
Adult
*Clinical Competence/standards
Cross-Over Studies
Nursing Staff, Hospital/education/psychology
Patient Simulation
assessment
clinical competence
delirium

Hemoglobin level, degree of mobilization, and pneumonia are associated with the development of postoperative delirium in cemented hemiarthroplasty after femoral neck fracture Riemenschneider, J. Dobrawa, P. Sturm, R. Meier, S. L. Verboket, R. Marzi, I. Störmann, P. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2024

Complications
Hip hemiarthroplasty
Postoperative delirium
Proximal femoral neck fracture

Assessing Delirium in Patients With Neurological Diseases Nisgaard, M. G. Boesen, S. V. Jensen, J. J Neurosci Nurs 2024

Delirium

Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist

Confusion Assessment Method

Screening tools

Hospital complications

 

The Approach to Altered Mental Status in the Intensive Care Unit Albin, C. S. W. Cunha, C. B. Glaser, T. P. Schachter, M. Snow, J. W. Oto, B. The Approach to Altered Mental Status in the Intensive Care Unit 2024

Altered mental status

Intensive care unit

Bedside assessment

Delirium

Review

Impact of inhaled sedation on delirium incidence and neurological outcome after cardiac arrest - A propensity-matched control study (Isocare) Teiten, C. Bailly, P. Tonnelier, J. M. Bodenes, L. de Longeaux, K. L'Her, E. Resuscitation 2024

Cardiac arrest
Delirium
Post-anoxic encephalopathy
Volatile anesthetics

Delirium care burden of intensive care nurses caring for patients undergoing open-heart surgery: A mixed-method research Ulus, M. Durmaz Edeer, A. Nurs Crit Care 2024

caregiver burden
critical care nursing
delirium
mixed‐method

Delirium prevalence in emergency department patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis Wang, Y. Dai, M. Chen, X. Zhang, J. Nurs Crit Care 2024

acute confusional state
confusion assessment method
delirium
emergency
prevalence

Postoperative delirium increases follow-up mortality following hip arthroplasty in older patients with femoral neck fracture Wu, P. Yang, Y. Yuan, A. Wang, Y. Zhang, Y. Australas J Ageing 2024

delirium
hip replacement arthroplasty
mortality
postoperative complications
risk factors

Analysis of risk factors for postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing spinal surgery Zhang, W. P. Chang, W. X. Liu, W. Y. Li, Z. J. Mao, J. W. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2024

Humans
Male
Female
Aged
Risk Factors
*Delirium/etiology
*Postoperative Complications/etiology
Retrospective Studies
Spine/surgery
Aged, 80 and over
Logistic Models
Delirium
Spinal surgery

Effect of occupational therapy on the occurrence of delirium in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis Zhao, J. Fan, K. Zheng, S. Xie, G. Niu, X. Pang, J. Zhang, H. Wu, X. Qu, J. Front Neurol 2024

critically ill patients
delirium
occupational therapy
rehabilitation therapy
safety

Serum HMGB1 as a predictor for postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty surgery Zou, Y. Wu, Y. Wei, A. Nie, H. Hui, S. Liu, C. Deng, T. Adv Clin Exp Med 2024

Hmgb1
cytokines
postoperative delirium
prognosis
total hip arthroplasty

The impact of adhering to a quality indicator for sedation, analgesia, and delirium management on costs, revenues, and clinical outcomes in intensive care in Germany: A retrospective observational study Zuber, A. Rubarth, K. Förster, F. Balzer, F. Spies, C. Fürstenau, D. Kumpf, O. PLoS One 2024

Humans
*Delirium/economics/therapy
Retrospective Studies
Male
Female
Germany
Middle Aged
Aged
*Critical Care/economics
*Analgesia/economics
Quality Indicators, Health Care
Intensive Care Units/economics

The association between intraoperative hypotension and postoperative delirium- a retrospective cohort analysis Zarour, S. Weiss, Y. Abu-Ganim, M. Iacubovici, L. Shaylor, R. Rosenberg, O. Matot, I. Cohen, B. Anesthesiology 2024

Hypotension

Postoperative delirium

Elective surgery

Elderly

Intraoperative Hypotension

4A’s

Intensive Care Unit Sleep Promotion Bundle: Impact on Sleep Quality, Delirium, and Other Patient Outcomes Gorecki, N. M. Prasun, M. A. Crit Care Nurse 2024

Humans
*Delirium/prevention & control/nursing
Male
Female
Middle Aged
*Intensive Care Units
Aged
Adult
Sleep Quality
Critical Care Nursing/standards
Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data
Aged, 80 and over
Patient Care Bundles/standards
Sleep Deprivation/prevention & control

A prospective multi-center study quantifying visual inattention in delirium using generative models of the visual processing stream Al-Hindawi, A. Vizcaychipi, M. Demiris, Y. Sci Rep 2024

Humans
*Delirium/physiopathology/diagnosis
Male
Female
*Attention/physiology
Aged
Prospective Studies
*Visual Perception/physiology
Middle Aged
Eye-Tracking Technology
Aged, 80 and over
Eye Movements/physiology

Correlation of preoperative inflammatory factors and emotional disorders with postoperative delirium in patients with craniocerebral trauma Cao, P. Jia, Z. Y. Zheng, T. Mei, T. World J Psychiatry 2024

Inflammatory factors
Mood disorders
Postoperative delirium
Relevance
Risk factor
Traumatic brain injury

Critical Assessment of the Neurological Complications during High-Risk Anesthesia Procedures Chaudhary, F. Ahmed, Z. Agrawal, D. K. J Surg Res (Houst) 2024

Analgesics
Anesthesia
Delirium
Neurological complications
Postoperative cognitive decline
Postoperative visual loss
Spinal cord ischemia

Association of triglyceride-glucose index and delirium in patients with sepsis: a retrospective study Fang, Y. Dou, A. Shen, Y. Li, T. Liu, H. Cui, Y. Xie, K. Lipids Health Dis 2024

Humans
*Sepsis/blood/complications
*Delirium/blood/diagnosis
*Triglycerides/blood
Male
Female
Middle Aged
Retrospective Studies
Aged
*Blood Glucose/analysis
Biomarkers/blood
Risk Factors
Insulin Resistance
Logistic Models
Delirium
Sepsis
Triglyceride-glucose index
TyG index

The Effects of Appropriate Perioperative Exercise on Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders: a Narrative Review Feng, H. Zhang, Z. Lyu, W. Kong, X. Li, J. Zhou, H. Wei, P. Mol Neurobiol 2024

Humans
*Neurocognitive Disorders/prevention & control/etiology
Animals
*Perioperative Care/methods
*Exercise/physiology
Perioperative Period
Exercise
Gut microbiota
Mitochondria
Neuroinflammation
Perioperative neurocognitive disorders
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction
Postoperative delirium

Spanish Translation and Cultural Adaptation of the Intensive Care Unit Delirium Playbook Fuentes, A. L. Makhija, H. Fine, J. M. Alicea Reyes, P. Diaz De Leon, B. Sanchez-Azofra, A. Rodriguez-Flores, L. Weston, J. Marquine, M. J. Hu, E. Espinosa-Meza, R. Serafin Higuera, I. R. Vacas Jacques, P. Pollack, D. Novelli, F. Ely, E. W. Malhotra, A. N ATS Sch 2024

critical illness
delirium
early diagnosis
nursing education
translating

Predictiveness of preoperative laboratory values for postoperative delirium Guttenthaler, V. Fidorra, J. Wittmann, M. Menzenbach, J. Health Sci Rep 2024

older adults
postoperative delirium
routine laboratory parameters

Delirium in psychiatric settings: risk factors and assessment tools in patients with psychiatric illness: a scoping review Huang, C. Wu, B. Chen, H. Tao, H. Wei, Z. Su, L. Wang, L. BMC Nurs 2024

Delirium
Dementia
Identification
Psychiatry
Risk factors
Scoping review

Differences of anticholinergic drug burden between older hospitalized patients with and without delirium: a systematic review and meta-analysis based on prospective cohort studies Ieong, C. Chen, T. Chen, S. Gao, X. Yan, K. He, W. Hong, H. Gu, Y. Chen, X. Yuan, G. BMC Geriatr 2024

Humans
*Delirium/epidemiology
*Cholinergic Antagonists/adverse effects/therapeutic use
Aged
*Hospitalization
Prospective Studies
Aged, 80 and over
Cohort Studies
Anticholinergic drug burden
Delirium
Meta-analysis
Older hospitalized patients
Relationship

Nursing diagnoses as factors associated with delirium among intensive care unit patients with sepsis: A retrospective correlational study Ji, H. Oh, E. G. Choi, M. Kim, H. Y. Kim, Y. A. Lee, K. H. J Adv Nurs 2024

Humans
*Delirium/nursing/diagnosis/epidemiology
Retrospective Studies
*Sepsis/nursing
Male
Female
*Nursing Diagnosis
Middle Aged
Aged
*Intensive Care Units
Republic of Korea/epidemiology
Adult
Aged, 80 and over
Risk Factors
delirium
intensive care unit
nurses
nursing diagnose
sepsis

Effectiveness of a delirium risk assessment and multidisciplinary care approach in reducing delirium incidence among surgical intensive care unit patients: A retrospective pre-post intervention study Hsiao, W. L. Hsieh, P. Y. Hsu, L. F. Lai, Y. H. Wang, M. L. Yeh, Y. C. J Clin Anesth 2024

Critically ill
Delirium
Intensive care unit
Pre-deliric
Risk assessment

Incidence of Adverse Events Using Flumazenil in Patients With Iatrogenic Benzodiazepine Delirium: A Retrospective Study Hieger, M. A. Moore, P. W. Maskell, K. F. Am J Ther 2024

*Benzodiazepines/adverse effects/antagonists & inhibitors
*Delirium/drug therapy/etiology
Retrospective Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies
*Flumazenil/adverse effects/therapeutic use
Humans
Male
Female
Adult
Middle Aged
Incidence
*Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/epidemiology
Iatrogenic Disease

Early Opioid Use and Postoperative Delirium Following Open Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair Gutierrez, R. D. Pepic, L. Lancaster, E. M. Gasper, W. J. Hiramoto, J. S. Conte, M. S. Bongiovanni, T. Iannuzzi, J. C. Ann Vasc Surg 2024

Postoperative Delirium

Open Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm repair

Opioids

Oral Morphine Equivalents

 

Cardio Delirium Day: national study on the prevalence of delirium in Italian cardiology wards Frongillo, D. Barisone, M. Gilardi, R. Usmiani, T. Falsini, G. G Ital Cardiol (Rome) 2024

Humans
*Delirium/epidemiology/diagnosis
Italy/epidemiology
Male
Female
Aged
Prevalence
Aged, 80 and over
Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data
Cardiology Service, Hospital
Logistic Models
Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data

Electroencephalographic Measures of Delirium in the Perioperative Setting: A Systematic Review Bruzzone, M. J. Chapin, B. Walker, J. Santana, M. Wang, Y. Amini, S. Kimmet, F. Perera, E. Rubinos, C. Arias, F. Price, C. Anesth Analg 2024

Postoperative Delirium

EEG

Systematic Review

Preoperative delirium prediction

 

National survey on perioperative cognitive dysfunction Aldana, E. M. Pérez de Arriba, N. Valverde, J. L. Aldecoa, C. Fábregas, N. Fernández-Candil, J. L. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim (Engl Ed) 2024

Perioperative cognitive dysfunction
Postoperative delirium
Risk factors
Screening
Survey

Standard versus High Cardiopulmonary Bypass Flow Rate: A Randomized Controlled Subtrial Comparing Brain Injury Biomarker Release Keiller, A. C. Axelsson, M. Bragadottir, G. Lannemyr, L. Wijk, J. Blennow, K. Zetterberg, H. Bagge, R. O. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2024

brain injury
cardiac surgery
cardiopulmonary bypass
near-infrared spectroscopy
neuronal biomarkers
oxygen delivery
oxygen extraction ratio
postoperative delirium

Olanzapine postinjection delirium/sedation syndrome after long-acting olanzapine depot injection presenting to the emergency department: practical guidelines for diagnosis and management Kochen, S. A. Hakkers, C. S. van Gorp, F. de Lange, D. W. Haas, L. E. M. Emerg Med J 2024

accidental
acute medicine
delirium
psychiatry
toxicology

Postoperative use of sleep aids and delirium in older adults after major surgery: A retrospective cohort study Lee, S. B. Park, C. M. Levin, R. Kim, D. H. J Am Geriatr Soc 2024

pharmacoepidemiology
postoperative delirium
sleep aid

A first assessment of the safe brain initiative care bundle for addressing postoperative delirium in the postanesthesia care unit Meco, B. C. Jakobsen, K. De Robertis, E. Buhre, W. Alkış, N. Kirkegaard, P. R. Hägi-Pedersen, D. Bubser, F. Koch, S. Evered, L. A. Saunders, S. J. Caterino, M. Paolini, F. Berger-Estilita, J. Radtke, F. M. J Clin Anesth 2024

Anesthesia
Patient-reported outcomes
Perioperative care
Postoperative delirium
Precision medicine
Real-world data

Transplantation-Associated Altered Mentation and Encephalopathy: A New Classification for Acute Neurocognitive Changes Associated with Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation from the ASTCT Committee on Practice Guidelines Meyers, G. Bubalo, J. Eckstrom, E. Winsnes, K. Carpenter, P. A. Artz, A. Lin, R. J. Transplant Cell Ther 2024

Humans
Brain Diseases/diagnosis/therapy
Delirium/diagnosis/etiology/classification/therapy
*Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects
Transplantation Conditioning/adverse effects
Delirium
Encephalopathy
Hematopoietic cell transplantation

High-risk factors for delirium in severely ill patients and the application of emotional nursing combined with pain nursing Li, H. R. Guo, Y. World J Psychiatry 2024

Critical illness
Delirium
Emotional nursing
Intensive care unit
Pain nursing
Risk factor

Association between antidepressant use and delirium in older adults: an analysis of the World Health Organization's global pharmacovigilance database Minoc, E. M. Villain, C. Benbrika, S. Chrétien, B. Descatoire, P. Heraudeau, M. Sassier, M. Pierre, M. Martinaud, O. Dolladille, C. Lelong-Boulouard, V. BMC Geriatr 2024

Humans
Aged
*Antidepressive Agents/adverse effects
*Pharmacovigilance
Male
Female
*World Health Organization
*Delirium/chemically induced/epidemiology
*Databases, Factual
Aged, 80 and over
Antidepressants
Delirium
Older adults

Educational interventions aimed at improving knowledge of delirium among nursing home staff-a realist review Molitor, V. Busse, T. S. Giehl, C. Lauer, R. Otte, I. C. Vollmar, H. C. Thürmann, P. Holle, B. Palm, R. BMC Geriatr 2024

Humans
*Nursing Homes
*Delirium/therapy/prevention & control/diagnosis
Health Personnel/education
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
Clinical Competence
Cognitive Dysfunction
Communication
Delirium
Education
Health Personnel
Interprofessional Education
Interprofessional Work
Nurses
Nursing Homes
Realist Review

Personalised blood pressure management during major noncardiac surgery and postoperative neurocognitive disorders: a randomised trial Nicklas, J. Y. Bergholz, A. Däke, F. Pham, H. H. D. Rabe, M. C. Schlichting, H. Skrovanek, S. Flick, M. Kouz, K. Fischer, M. Olotu, C. Izbicki, J. R. Mann, O. Fisch, M. Schmalfeldt, B. Frosch, K. H. Renné, T. Krause, L. Zöllner, C. Saugel, B. BJA Open 2024

anaesthesia
cardiovascular dynamics
haemodynamic monitoring
individualised
morbidity
mortality
randomised controlled trial

The utility of the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) in detecting cognitive impairment in surgical populations - A systematic review and meta-analysis Danquah, M. O. Yan, E. Lee, J. W. Philip, K. Saripella, A. Alhamdah, Y. He, D. Englesakis, M. Chung, F. J Clin Anesth 2024

Cognitive impairment
Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA)
Older adults
Preoperative assessment
Screening
Surgery

Bettering Sleep Hygiene to Decrease Delirium and Improve Patient Satisfaction on an Inpatient Oncology Unit Donovan, T. Vonnes, C. Mason, T. M. Clin J Oncol Nurs 2024

Humans
*Patient Satisfaction
*Delirium/prevention & control/nursing
Female
Male
*Sleep Hygiene
Neoplasms/nursing
Inpatients/psychology
Middle Aged
Quality Improvement
Aged
Oncology Nursing/standards
Hospitalization
Adult
delirium
oncology
sleep
sleep hygiene

The effect of fascia iliaca compartment block on postoperative delirium in elder adults undergoing hip surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Duan, R. Cao, L. Zhang, H. Li, P. Wu, X. Li, J. Int J Orthop Trauma Nurs 2024

Elderly
Fascia iliaca compartment block
Hip surgery
Meta-analysis
Postoperative delirium

Risk factors and prediction model of delirium in elderly patients after hip arthroplasty Duan, Y. Zhang, R. Pak J Med Sci 2024

Delirium
Hip arthroplasty
Nomogram
Prediction model
Risk factors

Delirium prevalence and delirium literacy across Italian hospital wards: a secondary analysis of data from the World Delirium Awareness Day 2023 Ornago, A. M. Pinardi, E. Okoye, C. Mazzola, P. Ferrara, M. C. Finazzi, A. Nydahl, P. von Haken, R. Lindroth, H. Liu, K. Morandi, A. Bellelli, G. Eur Geriatr Med 2024

Delirium
Hospital
Quality improvement
Survey

Association of postoperative delirium with hypotension in critically ill patients after cardiac surgery: a prospective observational study Othman, S. M. A. Aziz, M. A. A. Al-Mushiki, G. M. A. Sriwayyapram, C. Okubai, T. Al-Muwaffaq, G. Xu, Q. Alqudaimi, M. J Cardiothorac Surg 2024

Humans
Male
Female
Prospective Studies
*Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects
Aged
*Delirium/etiology/epidemiology
*Postoperative Complications/epidemiology
*Critical Illness
Middle Aged
*Hypotension
Risk Factors
Adult population
Critical illness
Delirium
Open heart surgery
Postoperative care
Postoperative hypotension
Surgery-related complications

Cerebral autoregulation-directed optimal blood pressure management reduced the risk of delirium in patients with septic shock Peng, Q. Liu, X. Ai, M. Huang, L. Li, L. Liu, W. Zhao, C. Hu, C. Zhang, L. J Intensive Med 2024

Cerebral regional oxygen saturation
Delirium
Mortality
Optimal blood pressure
Septic shock

From Traditional Typing to Intelligent Insights: A Narrative Review of Directions Toward Targeted Therapies in Delirium Potter, K. M. Prendergast, N. T. Boyd, J. G. Crit Care Med 2024

Humans
*Delirium/drug therapy/diagnosis
Intensive Care Units
Critical Illness/therapy
Hypnotics and Sedatives/therapeutic use/administration & dosage
Machine Learning

Associations of serum lactate and lactate clearance with delirium in the early stage of ICU: a retrospective cohort study of the MIMIC-IV database Qian, X. Sheng, Y. Jiang, Y. Xu, Y. Front Neurol 2024

Mimic-iv
delirium
early stage of ICU
lactate
lactate clearance rate

Delirium management in perioperative geriatric services: a narrative review of non-pharmaceutical strategies Travers, R. Gagliardi, G. Ramseyer, M. Front Psychiatry 2024

case management
geriatrics
non-pharmaceutical treatment
perioperative period
subacute delirium

Decreased DTI-ALPS index in delirium: a preliminary MRI study Tu, Y. Song, R. Xiong, F. Fu, X. Neuroradiology 2024

Dti-alps
Delirium
Glymphatic system
Sleep disturbance

Association between preoperative persistent hyperglycemia and postoperative delirium in geriatric hip fracture patients Wang, W. Zhang, Y. Yao, W. Tang, W. Li, Y. Sun, H. Ding, W. BMC Geriatr 2024

Humans
*Hip Fractures/surgery/blood
*Hyperglycemia/epidemiology/blood
Female
Male
Retrospective Studies
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
*Postoperative Complications/diagnosis/epidemiology/blood
*Delirium/blood/epidemiology/diagnosis/etiology
Blood Glucose/metabolism/analysis
Preoperative Period
Incidence
Risk Factors
Propensity Score
Glucose levels
Hip fracture
Hyperglycemia
Pod
Postoperative delirium

Impact of a Delirium Protocol on Deliriogenic Medication Use in Hospitalized Older Veterans Weygint, A. M. LaMarr, B. Lee, S. Sr Care Pharm 2024

Humans
*Delirium/drug therapy/diagnosis
Aged
Retrospective Studies
Male
*Veterans
Female
Aged, 80 and over
*Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data
Length of Stay
Arizona/epidemiology
Clinical Protocols
United States/epidemiology

Quetiapine Twice Daily Versus Bedtime Dosing in the Treatment of ICU Delirium Hawthorne, A. Delgado, E. Battle, A. Norton, C. J Pharm Pract 2024

Humans
*Quetiapine Fumarate/administration & dosage/therapeutic use
*Delirium/drug therapy
Male
Female
Retrospective Studies
*Intensive Care Units
Middle Aged
Aged
*Antipsychotic Agents/administration & dosage/adverse effects
*Drug Administration Schedule
Treatment Outcome
Covid-19
Length of Stay
antipsychotic
critical care
delirium
intensive care unit
quetiapine

Epigenetic signals associated with delirium replicated across four independent cohorts Nishizawa, Y. Thompson, K. C. Yamanashi, T. Wahba, N. E. Saito, T. Marra, P. S. Nagao, T. Nishiguchi, T. Shibata, K. Yamanishi, K. Hughes, C. G. Pandharipande, P. Cho, H. Howard, M. A., 3rd Kawasaki, H. Toda, H. Kanazawa, T. Iwata, M. Shinozaki, G. Transl Psychiatry 2024

Humans
*Delirium/genetics
Female
Male
*DNA Methylation
*Epigenesis, Genetic
Aged
Middle Aged
Cohort Studies
*CpG Islands/genetics
Postoperative Complications/genetics
Adult
Biomarkers/blood
Aged, 80 and over

The Genome-wide DNA methylation changes in gastrointestinal surgery patients with and without postoperative delirium: Evidence of immune process in its pathophysiology Nishizawa, Y. Yamanashi, T. Nishiguchi, T. Kajitani, N. Miura, A. Matsuo, R. Tanio, A. Yamamoto, M. Sakamoto, T. Fujiwara, Y. Thompson, K. Malicoat, J. Yamanishi, K. Seki, T. Kanazawa, T. Iwata, M. Shinozaki, G. J Psychiatr Res 2024

DNA methylation
Delirium
Epigenetics
Immune response
Inflammation
Postoperative delirium

Retinal imaging with hand-held optical coherence tomography in older people with or without postoperative delirium after hip fracture surgery: A feasibility study Noah, A. M. Spendlove, J. Tu, Z. Proudlock, F. Constantinescu, C. S. Gottlob, I. Auer, D. P. Dineen, R. A. Moppett, I. K. PLoS One 2024

Humans
*Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods
*Feasibility Studies
Male
Female
Aged
*Hip Fractures/surgery/diagnostic imaging
Aged, 80 and over
*Retina/diagnostic imaging/surgery/pathology
*Delirium/etiology/diagnostic imaging
*Postoperative Complications/diagnostic imaging/etiology
Nerve Fibers/pathology

A world-wide study on delirium assessments and presence of protocols Nydahl, P. Liu, K. Bellelli, G. Benbenishty, J. van den Boogaard, M. Caplan, G. Chung, C. R. Elhadi, M. Gurjar, M. Heras-La Calle, G. Hoffmann, M. Jeitziner, M. M. Krewulak, K. Mailhot, T. Morandi, A. Nawa, R. K. Oh, E. S. Collet, M. O. Paulino, M. C. Lin Age Ageing 2024

Humans
*Delirium/diagnosis/epidemiology/therapy
Cross-Sectional Studies
Clinical Protocols
Geriatric Assessment/methods
Male
Global Health
Aged
Prevalence
Female
assessments
delirium
encephalopathy
older people
patient safety
protocols
quality improvement

The interrelationship between multiple long-term conditions (MLTC) and delirium: a scoping review Richardson, S. J. Cropp, A. D. Ellis, S. W. Gibbon, J. Sayer, A. A. Witham, M. D. Age Ageing 2024

Adult
Female
Humans
Male
Aging/psychology
Chronic Disease
Comorbidity
*Delirium/diagnosis/epidemiology/therapy/psychology
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Time Factors
Middle Aged
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
delirium
epidemiology
multiple long-term conditions
older people
scoping review

Experiences of healthcare staff caring for hospitalised people with delirium: a qualitative systematic review Siostrom, K. Snowdon, D. Sriamareswaran, R. K. Law, Y. M. Jolliffe, L. Moran, C. Age Ageing 2024

Humans
*Delirium/therapy/diagnosis/psychology
*Attitude of Health Personnel
*Qualitative Research
Hospitalization
Inpatients/psychology
Health Personnel/psychology
delirium
experience
healthcare providers
older people
qualitative research

Nurses prioritization processes to prevent delirium in patients at risk: Findings from a Q-Methodology study Sist, L. Pezzolati, M. Ugenti, N. V. Cedioli, S. Messina, R. Chiappinotto, S. Rucci, P. Palese, A. Geriatr Nurs 2024

Humans
*Delirium/prevention & control/nursing
Female
Male
Adult
Middle Aged
Delirium
Prevention, Q-methodology, Prioritisation
delirium/nursing

Effect of near-infrared spectroscopy on postoperative delirium in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a systematic review and meta-analysis Sun, Q. Wu, W. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024

cardiac surgery
cardiopulmonary bypass
cerebral oxygen saturation
meta-analysis
near-infrared spectroscopy
postoperative delirium

Outcomes associated with postoperative cognitive dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis Suraarunsumrit, P. Srinonprasert, V. Kongmalai, T. Suratewat, S. Chaikledkaew, U. Rattanasiri, S. McKay, G. Attia, J. Thakkinstian, A. Age Ageing 2024

Aged
Humans
Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects/mortality
Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology/epidemiology/diagnosis/psychology
*Length of Stay
*Postoperative Cognitive Complications/etiology/epidemiology/diagnosis
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Time Factors
length of hospital stay
major surgery
meta-analysis
mortality
older people
postoperative cognitive dysfunction
systematic review

Refeeding hypophosphatemia is a common cause of delirium in critically ill patients: A retrospective study Xu, Y. Qian, Y. Liang, P. Liu, N. Dong, D. Gu, Q. Tang, J. Am J Med Sci 2024

Consciousness
Critically ill patients
Delirium
Hypophosphatemia
Nutrient intake
Refeeding syndrome

Electroencephalography Monitoring for Preventing Postoperative Delirium and Postoperative Cognitive Decline in Patients Undergoing Cardiothoracic Surgery: A Meta-Analysis Xue, S. Xu, A. X. Liu, H. Zhang, Y. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2024

cardiothoracic surgery
cognition disorders
cognitive dysfunction
delirium
electroencephalography monitoring
postoperative cognitive complications
postoperative cognitive decline
postoperative delirium

Occurrence and risk factors for post-stroke delirium: A systematic review and meta-analysis Zhang, G. B. Li, H. Y. Yu, W. J. Ying, Y. Z. Zheng, D. Zhang, X. K. Wang, Y. G. Shi, G. Z. Huang, H. W. Asian J Psychiatr 2024

Delirium
Meta-analysis
Occurrence
Risk factors
Stroke

Description of an individualised delirium intervention in intensive care units for critically ill patients delivered by an artificial intelligence-assisted system: using the TIDieR checklist Zhang, S. Cui, W. Wu, Y. Ji, M. J Res Nurs 2024

artificial intelligence
delirium
intensive care unit
intervention
nurses

Construction and validation of a risk prediction model for postoperative delirium in patients with off‑pump coronary artery bypass grafting Zhang, Y. Ren, M. Zhai, W. Han, J. Guo, Z. J Thorac Dis 2024

Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG)
nomogram
postoperative delirium (POD)
prediction
risk factors

Predicting the Risk of Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Arthroplasty: Development and Assessment of a Novel Nomogram Zhang, Y. Xie, L. J. Wu, R. J. Zhang, C. L. Zhuang, Q. Dai, W. T. Zhou, M. X. Li, X. H. J Invest Surg 2024

Humans
*Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects
*Nomograms
Aged
Female
Male
Retrospective Studies
*Delirium/etiology/diagnosis/epidemiology
Aged, 80 and over
Risk Factors
Postoperative Complications/etiology/epidemiology/diagnosis
Risk Assessment/methods/statistics & numerical data
ROC Curve
Delirium
hip arthroplasty
nomogram

Postoperative delirium risk in patients with hyperlipidemia: A prospective cohort study Zhao, Y. Zhong, K. Zheng, Y. Xia, X. Lin, X. Kowark, A. Wang, X. Zhang, D. Duan, X. J Clin Anesth 2024

Cognitive decline
Diet structure
Hyperlipidemia
Postoperative delirium
Total cholesterol
Triglyceride

Effect of phenylephrine versus ephedrine on the incidence of postoperative delirium in olderly adults undergoing knee arthroplasty under general anesthesia: a single-center trial Zheng, C. Wang, B. Fu, J. Peng, H. Chen, Y. Hu, X. Sci Rep 2024

Humans
*Phenylephrine/administration & dosage/therapeutic use
*Ephedrine/therapeutic use/administration & dosage
Aged
Female
Male
*Anesthesia, General/adverse effects
*Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects
Incidence
Middle Aged
*Delirium/prevention & control/epidemiology/etiology
Aged, 80 and over
*Postoperative Complications/prevention & control/epidemiology/etiology
Blood Pressure/drug effects

Remimazolam for anesthesia and sedation in cardiac surgery and for cardiac patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery: a systematic-narrative hybrid review D'Andria Ursoleo, J. Licheri, M. Barucco, G. Losiggio, R. Frau, G. Pieri, M. Monaco, F. Minerva Anestesiol 2024

Humans
*Hypnotics and Sedatives
*Cardiac Surgical Procedures
*Benzodiazepines/therapeutic use
Anesthesia/methods

Nurses' perceptions of patient pain, delirium, and sedation assessments in the intensive care unit: A qualitative study Correya, A. Rawson, H. Ockerby, C. Hutchinson, A. M. Aust Crit Care 2024

Adult intensive care unit
Agitation
Assessment scales
Critically ill patients
Delirium
Intensive care
Nurses
Pain
Qualitative research
Sedation

Extracellular Vesicle MicroRNAs as Predictive Biomarkers in Postoperative Delirium after Spine Surgery; Preliminary Study Cho, Y. E. Kim, J. Vorn, R. Cho, H. Baek, W. Park, H. Yun, S. Kim, H. S. Cashion, A. K. Gill, J. Koo, B. N. Lee, H. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024

Exosome
Genomics
Prediction

Trace of delirium after robotic lower abdominal tumor resection at different end-tidal carbon dioxide: a RCT trial Chen, J. Liang, S. Wei, M. Ma, Y. Bi, T. Liu, Z. Song, Y. Chen, H. Wang, Y. BMC Anesthesiol 2024

Humans
Male
*Carbon Dioxide
Middle Aged
*Robotic Surgical Procedures/methods
Female
*Delirium/etiology/epidemiology
*Postoperative Complications/epidemiology
*Abdominal Neoplasms/surgery
Aged
Adult
End-tidal carbon dioxide
Postoperative delirium
Robotic surgery
Tumor resection