What is the Delirium Bibliography? The searchable Delirium Bibliography page is one of our most popular features, allowing you to quickly gain access to the literature on delirium and acute care of older persons. It is primarily intended for clinicians and researchers interested in exploring these topics. The NIDUS team keeps it updated for you on a monthly basis!
How to Search for Articles: Search by author, title, year, and/or keywords. Each article is indexed by keywords taken from MEDLINE and other relevant databases. Click on the title of the article to read the abstract, journal, etc.
Reference Information
- Title
- Validation of Cerebral State Monitor Frequency Power Ratios for Detection of Delirium
- Authors
- DeBurlo, R. Robles, A. Salazar, S. Yang, J. MacDonald, S. Luo, A. Myers, O. Wylie, W. Quinn, D. K.
- Year
- 2025
- Journal
- J Acad Consult Liaison Psychiatry
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Delirium among hospitalized patients often goes undetected and is associated with increased length of stay and mortality. Cerebral state monitors (CSM) collect limited lead electroencephalography (EEG) data and have shown promise in delirium detection. OBJECTIVE: This study compares three methods of detecting delirium: EEG using an FDA approved CSM, 3-minute diagnostic interview for Confusion Assessment Method (3D-CAM), and the traditional reference standard clinical evaluation by a psychiatric consultation-liaison (CL) service. METHODS: Hospitalized patients > 18 years of age evaluated by the CL service were screened for inclusion. Consent was obtained from either the patient or authorized surrogate when appropriate. Participants were screened with 3D-CAM, followed by placement of four frontotemporal CSM leads and collection of five minutes of EEG data with eyes closed. Presence or absence of a delirium diagnosis on psychiatric evaluation using DSM 5 criteria the day of data collection was recorded. A MAT LAB based program (Brainstorm) was used to calculate power in each EEG frequency band. RESULTS: There were 75 participants, 58 with complete 3D-CAM and EEG data. Twenty-three participants were found to be delirious by clinical diagnosis. 3D-CAM differentiated between delirious and non-delirious participants with a sensitivity of 65%, specificity of 79%, and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.720. EEG power differed between delirious and non-delirious participants in the HighDelta frequency band in the Left temporal (L2) lead (FDR adjusted p = 0.020) and the LowAlphaHighDelta frequency band ratio in L2 (FDR adjusted p = 0.039) On receiver operator curve analysis (ROC), LowAlphaHighDelta and HighDelta outperformed 3D CAM although not significantly (all p > 0.18). CONCLUSION: CSM frequency band power differed significantly between delirious and non-delirious patients but did not outperform 3D-CAM as a predictive test of delirium. Strengths of this study include use of an FDA approved CSM and freely available computational software and methods. Limitations include a small sample size, making the results vulnerable to skewing by outliers. Future studies should recruit larger sample sizes and explore the diagnostic utility of combined EEG variables obtained with CSMs at the bedside.
- PMID
PMID: 40222704
- Keywords
3d-cam Delirium Eeg biomarkers cerebral state monitor encephalopathy
- Page(s)
- Volume
- Issue
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Keywords |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Effects of massage on outcomes of adult intensive care unit patients: a systematic review. | Jagan, S. Park, T. Papathanassoglou, E. | Nurs Crit Care | 2019 |
Complementary and alternative therapies |
| Perioperative Dexmedetomidine Reduces Delirium in Elderly Patients after Lung Cancer Surgery. | Huyan, T. Hu, X. Peng, H. Zhu, Z. Li, Q. Zhang, W. | Psychiatr Danub | 2019 | |
| The Oslo Study of Clonidine in Elderly Patients with Delirium; LUCID: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. | Hov, K. R. Neerland, B. E. Undseth, O. Bruun Bratholm Wyller, V. MacLullich, A. M. J. Qvigstad, E. Skovlund, E. Wyller, T. B. | Int J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2019 |
Delirium treatment |
| Delirium and Alzheimer disease: A proposed model for shared pathophysiology. | Fong, T. G. Vasunilashorn, S. M. Libermann, T. Marcantonio, E. R. Inouye, S. K. | Int J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2019 |
Alzheimer disease |
| Development and validation of a dynamic delirium prediction rule in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Units (DYNAMIC-ICU): A prospective cohort study. | Fan, H. Ji, M. Huang, J. Yue, P. Yang, X. Wang, C. Ying, W. | International journal of nursing studies | 2019 |
aged |
| Delirium and cognitive impairment among older patients in Norwegian emergency departments. | Evensen, S. Saltvedt, I. Ranhoff, A. H. Myrstad, M. Myrstad, C. Mellingsaeter, M. Wang-Hansen, M. S. Neerland, B. E. | Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen | 2019 | |
| Motor activity across delirium motor subtypes in geriatric patients assessed using body-worn sensors: a Norwegian cross-sectional study. | Evensen, S. Bourke, A. K. Lydersen, S. Sletvold, O. Saltvedt, I. Wyller, T. B. Taraldsen, K. | BMJ Open | 2019 |
accelerometer |
| Factors Associated With Delirium in Surgical Intensive Care Unit Patients Treated With Supplemental Melatonin: A Case-Cohort Study. | Cusimano, J. M. Welch, S. Perez-Protto, S. Lam, S. | Clin Neuropharmacol | 2019 | |
| Intraoperative blood transfusion predicts postoperative delirium among older patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery: A prospective cohort study. | Chou, M. Y. Wang, Y. C. Peng, L. N. Liang, C. K. Chu, C. S. Liao, M. C. Lin, Y. T. Hsu, C. J. Chen, L. K. | Int J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2019 |
aged |
| Postoperative delirium in critically ill surgical patients: incidence, risk factors, and predictive scores. | Chaiwat, O. Chanidnuan, M. Pancharoen, W. Vijitmala, K. Danpornprasert, P. Toadithep, P. Thanakiattiwibun, C. | BMC Anesthesiology | 2019 |
Intensive care unit (ICU) |
| Differential Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Outcome of Delirium among Ward Compared with ICU Patients. | Canet, E. Amjad, S. Robbins, R. Lewis, J. Matalanis, M. Jones, D. Bellomo, R. | Intern Med J | 2019 |
Agitation |
| Vitamin D levels and risk of delirium: A mendelian randomization study in the UK Biobank. | Bowman, K. Jones, L. Pilling, L. C. Delgado, J. Kuchel, G. A. Ferrucci, L. Fortinsky, R. H. Melzer, D. | Neurology | 2019 | |
| Single-bed rooms in a geriatric ward prevent delirium in older patients. | Blandfort, S. Gregersen, M. Rahbek, K. Juul, S. Damsgaard, E. M. | Aging Clin Exp Res | 2019 |
Delirium |
| Drug Prescription and Delirium in Older Inpatients: Results From the Nationwide Multicenter Italian Delirium Day 2015-2016. | Aloisi, G. Marengoni, A. Morandi, A. Zucchelli, A. Cherubini, A. Mossello, E. Bo, M. Di Santo, S. G. Mazzone, A. Trabucchi, M. Cappa, S. Fimognari, F. L. Incalzi, R. A. Gareri, P. Perticone, F. Campanini, M. Montorsi, M. Latronico, N. Zambon, A. Bellelli, | J Clin Psychiatry | 2019 | |
| Patient Safety Incidents Describing Patient Falls in Critical Care in North West England Between 2009 and 2017. | Thomas, A. N. Balmforth, J. E. | J Patient Saf | 2019 | |
| Have you SCAND MMe Please? A framework to prevent harm during acute hospitalisation of older persons: A retrospective audit. | Redley, B. Baker, T. | Journal of Clinical Nursing | 2019 |
acute disease |
| Low-Dose Ketamine Infusion to Decrease Postoperative Delirium for Spinal Fusion Patients. | Plyler, S. S. Muckler, V. C. Titch, J. F. Gupta, D. K. Rice, A. N. | J Perianesth Nurs | 2019 |
3d-cam |
| Nurses' experiences of caring for older patients afflicted by delirium in a neurological department. | Kristiansen, S. Konradsen, H. Beck, M. | Journal of Clinical Nursing | 2019 |
adult |
| Association of Delirium Response and Safety of Pharmacological Interventions for the Management and Prevention of Delirium: A Network Meta-analysis. | Wu, Y. C. Tseng, P. T. Tu, Y. K. Hsu, C. Y. Liang, C. S. Yeh, T. C. Chen, T. Y. Chu, C. S. Matsuoka, Y. J. Stubbs, B. Carvalho, A. F. Wada, S. Lin, P. Y. Chen, Y. W. Su, K. P. | JAMA Psychiatry | 2019 | |
| Effect of electroencephalography-guided anesthetic administration on postoperative delirium among older adults undergoing major surgery the engages randomized clinical trial. | Wildes, T. S. Mickle, A. M. Abdallah, A. B. Maybrier, H. R. Oberhaus, J. Budelier, T. P. Kronzer, A. McKinnon, S. L. Park, D. Torres, B. A. Graetz, T. J. Emmert, D. A. Palanca, B. J. Goswami, S. Jordan, K. Lin, N. Fritz, B. A. Stevens, T. W. Jacobsohn, E. | JAMA | 2019 |
NCT02241655 |
| Perioperative Epidural Use and Risk of Delirium in Surgical Patients: A Secondary Analysis of the PODCAST Trial. | Vlisides, P. E. Thompson, A. Kunkler, B. S. Maybrier, H. R. Avidan, M. S. Mashour, G. A. | Anesth Analg | 2019 | |
| Effect of Intravenous Acetaminophen vs Placebo Combined with Propofol or Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Delirium among Older Patients Following Cardiac Surgery: The DEXACET Randomized Clinical Trial. | Subramaniam, B. Shankar, P. Shaefi, S. Mueller, A. O'Gara, B. Banner-Goodspeed, V. Gallagher, J. Gasangwa, D. Patxot, M. Packiasabapathy, S. Mathur, P. Eikermann, M. Talmor, D. Marcantonio, E. R. | JAMA | 2019 |
NCT02546765 |
| The use of a screening scale improves the recognition of delirium in older patients after cardiac surgery - a retrospective observational study. | Smulter, N. Claesson Lingehall, H. Gustafson, Y. Olofsson, B. Engstrom, K. G. | J Clin Nurs | 2019 |
Assessments scales |
| Incidence and predictors of postoperative delirium in the older acute care surgery population: a prospective study. | Saravana-Bawan, B. Warkentin, L. M. Rucker, D. Carr, F. Churchill, T. A. Khadaroo, R. G. | Canadian Journal of Surgery | 2019 |
aged |
| Association of Duration of Surgery With Postoperative Delirium Among Patients Receiving Hip Fracture Repair. | Ravi, B. Pincus, D. Choi, S. Jenkinson, R. Wasserstein, D. N. Redelmeier, D. A. | JAMA Netw Open | 2019 | |
| Depression Predicts Delirium After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Independent of Cognitive Impairment and Cerebrovascular Disease: An Analysis of the Neuropsychiatric Outcomes After Heart Surgery Study. | Oldham, M. A. Hawkins, K. A. Lin, I. H. Deng, Y. Hao, Q. Scoutt, L. M. Yuh, D. D. Lee, H. B. | American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry | 2019 |
aged |
| Accuracy of the Delirium Observational Screening Scale (DOS) as a screening tool for delirium in patients with advanced cancer. | Neefjes, E. C. W. van der Vorst, Mjdl Boddaert, M. S. A. Verdegaal, Batt Beeker, A. Teunissen, S. C. C. Beekman, A. T. F. Zuurmond, W. W. A. Berkhof, J. Verheul, H. M. W. | BMC Cancer | 2019 |
Delirium |
| The impact of intravenous isotonic and hypotonic maintenance fluid on the risk of delirium in adult postoperative patients: retrospective before-after observational study. | Nagae, M. Egi, M. Furushima, N. Okada, M. Makino, S. Mizobuchi, S. | J Anesth | 2019 |
Delirium |
| Association between delirium, adverse clinical events and functional outcomes in older patients admitted to rehabilitation settings after a hip fracture: A multicenter retrospective cohort study. | Morandi, A. Mazzone, A. Bernardini, B. Suardi, T. Prina, R. Pozzi, C. Gentile, S. Trabucchi, M. Bellelli, G. | Geriatrics & Gerontology International | 2019 |
aged |
| Handover of anesthesia care is associated with an increased risk of delirium in elderly after major noncardiac surgery: results of a secondary analysis. | Liu, G. Y. Su, X. Meng, Z. T. Cui, F. Li, H. L. Zhu, S. N. Wang, D. X. | J Anesth | 2019 |
Delirium |
| Undiagnosed delirium is frequent and difficult to predict: Results from a prevalence survey of a tertiary hospital. | Lange, P. W. Lamanna, M. Watson, R. Maier, A. B. | J Clin Nurs | 2019 |
Undiagnosed delirium |