What is the Delirium Bibliography? The searchable Delirium Bibliography page is one of our most popular features, allowing you to quickly gain access to the literature on delirium and acute care of older persons. It is primarily intended for clinicians and researchers interested in exploring these topics. The NIDUS team keeps it updated for you on a monthly basis!
How to Search for Articles: Search by author, title, year, and/or keywords. Each article is indexed by keywords taken from MEDLINE and other relevant databases. Click on the title of the article to read the abstract, journal, etc.
Reference Information
- Title
- Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Delirium Prevention in the Older Adult: An Integrative Review
- Authors
- Strada, A. L. Tevay, A. Scoggins, M. Gonzalez, K.
- Year
- 2024
- Journal
- Aana j
- Abstract
The brain and cognition are particularly vulnerable to anesthetic and surgical insults, with postoperative delirium being the most common postoperative complication in patients aged ≥ 65 years. The body releases psychoactive proinflammatory cytokines in response to surgical trauma, including interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. This promotes a porous blood-brain barrier, promoting postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Aging adults lose brain volume, cerebrospinal fluid, and dendritic synapses, thereby increasing neurologic stress and vulnerability to these surgical changes. Anesthetic technique influences the process, necessitating the importance of educated certified registered nurse anesthetists. Dexmedetomidine, a nonspecific α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, exhibits anti-inflammatory properties that counteract the proinflammatory mechanisms initiated by surgical insult. Additionally, dexmedetomidine mimics natural sleep pathways and reduces opioid dosing requirements, promoting cognitive preservation. While further research is required to establish an association with long-term effects, current literature indicates that dexmedetomidine may reduce postoperative delirium and cognitive dysfunction in older adults through various dosing regimens. This journal course reviews the pathophysiology of postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction and delirium, dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to mitigate these pathologic changes, and the current literature on dexmedetomidine’s impact on postoperative delirium in older adults.
- PMID
PMID: 39361485
- Keywords
Humans
*Dexmedetomidine/administration & dosage
Aged
*Postoperative Complications/prevention & control
Delirium/prevention & control
Nurse Anesthetists
Aged, 80 and over
Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists/administration & dosage
dexmedetomidine
postoperative cognitive dysfunction
postoperative delirium
α2-agonists
- Page(s)
- Volume
- Issue
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Keywords |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A clinical prediction rule for delirium after elective noncardiac surgery. | Marcantonio ER, Goldman L, Mangione CM, Ludwig LE, Muraca B, Haslauer CM, Donaldson MC, Whittemore AD, Sugarbaker DJ, Poss R | JAMA | 1994 |
Aged, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Mental Status Schedule, Middle Aged, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Postoperative Complications, diagnosis, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Reproducibility of Results, Risk Factors, Surgical Procedures, Elective, adverse effects |
| Systematic intervention for elderly inpatients with delirium: a randomized trial. | Cole MG, Primeau FJ, Bailey RF, Bonnycastle MJ, Masciarelli F, Engelsmann F, Pepin MJ, Ducic D | CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne | 1994 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Combined Modality Therapy, Delirium, diagnosis, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Geriatric Psychiatry, methods, Humans, Inpatients, Intelligence Tests, Length of Stay, Male, Multivariate Analysis, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychotherapy, Referral and Consultation, Restraint, Physical, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome |
| Acute confusion: nursing intervention in older patients. | Matthiesen V, Sivertsen L, Foreman MD, Cronin-Stubbs D | Orthopedic nursing | 1994 |
Acute Disease, Aged, Confusion, diagnosis, Diagnosis, Differential, Geriatric Nursing, methods, Humans, Nursing Assessment, Risk Factors |
| Delirium in hospitalized older persons: outcomes and predictors. | Pompei P, Foreman M, Rudberg MA, Inouye SK, Braund V, Cassel CK | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 1994 |
Aged, Aging, physiology, Delirium, epidemiology, Female, Hospital Mortality, Hospitalization, Humans, Male, Models, Psychological, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors |
| Methodologic issues in conducting research on hospitalized older people. | Berkman CS, Leipzig RM, Greenberg SA, Inouye SK | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2001 |
Acute Disease, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Attitude to Health, Data Collection, methods, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Geriatrics, standards, Guidelines as Topic, Health Services Research, methods, Hospitalization, Humans, Inpatients, Interviews as Topic, methods, Length of Stay, Longitudinal Studies, New York City, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), organization & administration, Patient Selection, Quality of Health Care, Questionnaires, Research Design, standards, Severity of Illness Index |
| Goals for the care of frail older adults: do caregivers and clinicians agree? | Bogardus ST, Bradley EH, Williams CS, Maciejewski PK, van Doorn C, Inouye SK | The American journal of medicine | 2001 |
Activities of Daily Living, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Caregivers, statistics & numerical data, Female, Frail Elderly, Geriatric Assessment, Goals, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Physicians, statistics & numerical data, Questionnaires, Safety, Social Support, Stress, Psychological, United States |
| Delirium in mechanically ventilated patients: validity and reliability of the confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit (CAM-ICU). | Ely EW, Inouye SK, Bernard GR, Gordon S, Francis J, May L, Truman B, Speroff T, Gautam S, Margolin R, Hart RP, Dittus R | JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association | 2001 |
APACHE, Aged, Critical Illness, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Humans, Intensive Care Units, statistics & numerical data, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Reference Standards, Reproducibility of Results, Respiration, Artificial, statistics & numerical data, Sensitivity and Specificity, Severity of Illness Index |
| Evaluation of delirium in critically ill patients: validation of the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU). | Ely EW, Margolin R, Francis J, May L, Truman B, Dittus R, Speroff T, Gautam S, Bernard GR, Inouye SK | Critical care medicine | 2001 |
Aged, Delirium, diagnosis, Dementia, complications, Female, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Observer Variation, Prospective Studies, Reference Standards, Reproducibility of Results, Respiration, Artificial, Sensitivity and Specificity |
| The cost of delirium in the surgical patient. | Franco K, Litaker D, Locala J, Bronson D | Psychosomatics | 2001 |
Aged, Cost of Illness, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Humans, Length of Stay, statistics & numerical data, Male, Middle Aged, Postoperative Complications, diagnosis, Regression Analysis, Statistics, Nonparametric, Surgical Procedures, Operative, psychology |
| Assessing delirium in cancer patients: the Italian versions of the Delirium Rating Scale and the Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale. | Grassi L, Caraceni A, Beltrami E, Borreani C, Zamorani M, Maltoni M, Monti M, Luzzani M, Mercadante S, De Conno F | Journal of pain and symptom management | 2001 |
Aged, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, psychology, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Severity of Illness Index |
| Delirium: a barometer for quality of hospital care. | Inouye SK | Hospital practice (1995) | 2001 |
Aged, Delirium, diagnosis, Geriatric Assessment, Hospitalization, Humans, Quality of Health Care |
| Nurses' recognition of delirium and its symptoms: comparison of nurse and researcher ratings. | Inouye SK, Foreman MD, Mion LC, Katz KH, Cooney LM | Archives of internal medicine | 2001 |
Activities of Daily Living, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analysis of Variance, Clinical Competence, standards, Delirium, diagnosis, Dementia, complications, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Humans, Male, Mental Status Schedule, standards, Nursing Assessment, methods, Nursing Evaluation Research, Observer Variation, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, standards, Risk Factors, Sensitivity and Specificity, Vision Disorders, complications |
| Delirium after hip fracture: to be or not to be? | Inouye SK | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2001 |
Age Factors, Bias (Epidemiology), Delirium, etiology, Effect Modifier, Epidemiologic, Geriatrics, methods, Hip Fractures, surgery, Humans, Length of Stay, statistics & numerical data, Postoperative Complications, etiology, Referral and Consultation, Research Design, Risk Factors |
| Multicomponent targeted intervention to prevent delirium in hospitalized older patients: what is the economic value? | Rizzo JA, Bogardus ST, Leo-Summers L, Williams CS, Acampora D, Inouye SK | Medical care | 2001 |
Aged, Connecticut, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Delirium, economics, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Health Care Costs, Health Services for the Aged, economics, Hospital Costs, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Models, Econometric, Multivariate Analysis, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), economics, Patient Care Planning, economics, Prospective Studies, Regression Analysis |
| Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist: evaluation of a new screening tool. | Bergeron N, Dubois MJ, Dumont M, Dial S, Skrobik Y | Intensive care medicine | 2001 |
APACHE, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Critical Illness, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Humans, Intensive Care, methods, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Questionnaires, standards, ROC Curve, Sensitivity and Specificity |
| Immunology of delirium: new opportunities for treatment and research. | Broadhurst C, Wilson K | The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science | 2001 |
Aged, Animals, Central Nervous System, immunology, Cytokines, immunology, Delirium, immunology, Exercise, physiology, Humans, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, immunology, Neurodegenerative Diseases, immunology, Research, Somatostatin, physiology, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, immunology |
| Delirium in the terminally-ill cancer patient: aetiology, symptoms and management. | Brown S, Degner LF | International journal of palliative nursing | 2001 |
Delirium, diagnosis, Humans, Hypnotics and Sedatives, therapeutic use, Neoplasms, complications, Neuropsychological Tests, Nursing Assessment, methods, Palliative Care, methods, Social Support |
| Diagnosis and management of delirium near the end of life. | Casarett DJ, Inouye SK, | Annals of internal medicine | 2001 |
Adult, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Combined Modality Therapy, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Humans, Ovarian Neoplasms, psychology, Physical Examination, Terminal Care, methods, Terminally Ill, psychology |
| Hypocortisolemia and delirium in an older patient. | Cunha UG, Faria AC, de F Alves VX, Rigueirinho SA | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2001 |
Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, pharmacology, Delirium, blood, Diarrhea, blood, Geriatric Assessment, Humans, Hydrocortisone, deficiency, Male, Mental Status Schedule, Prednisone, pharmacology, Vomiting, blood |
| Clinical and ethical questions concerning delirium study on patients with advanced cancer. | Davis MP, Walsh D | Archives of internal medicine | 2001 |
Delirium, drug therapy, Ethics, Medical, Humans, Neoplasms, complications, Palliative Care |
| Delirium in an intensive care unit: a study of risk factors. | Dubois MJ, Bergeron N, Dumont M, Dial S, Skrobik Y | Intensive care medicine | 2001 |
Analysis of Variance, Delirium, complications, Female, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Length of Stay, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Odds Ratio, Prospective Studies, Quebec, epidemiology, Risk Factors |
| Delirium before and after operation for femoral neck fracture. | Edlund A, Lundström M, Brännström B, Bucht G, Gustafson Y | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2001 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Chi-Square Distribution, Delirium, epidemiology, Female, Femoral Neck Fractures, surgery, Humans, Incidence, Logistic Models, Male, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors |
| Validity and reliability of the Portuguese version of the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) for the detection of delirium in the elderly. | Fabbri RM, Moreira MA, Garrido R, Almeida OP | Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria | 2001 |
Chi-Square Distribution, Confidence Intervals, Confusion, diagnosis, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Status Schedule, standards, Odds Ratio, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Questionnaires, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity |
| Delirium in elderly patients: an overview of the state of the science. | Foreman MD, Wakefield B, Culp K, Milisen K | Journal of gerontological nursing | 2001 |
Aged, Delirium, diagnosis, Humans, Nursing Assessment |
| Clinical signs of ICU syndrome/delirium: an observational study. | Granberg-Axèll A, Bergbom I, Lundberg D | Intensive & critical care nursing : the official journal of the British Association of Critical Care Nurses | 2001 |
Delirium, diagnosis, Humans, Inpatients, psychology, Intensive Care Units, Intubation, Intratracheal, Orientation, Syndrome |
| Depression or hypoactive delirium? A report of ciprofloxacin-induced mental disorder in a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | Grassi L, Biancosino B, Pavanati M, Agostini M, Manfredini R | Psychotherapy and psychosomatics | 2001 |
Anti-Infective Agents, adverse effects, Ciprofloxacin, adverse effects, Delirium, chemically induced, Depression, chemically induced, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Lung Diseases, Obstructive, drug therapy, Middle Aged |
| Assessing confused patients. | Johnson MH | Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry | 2001 |
Confusion, diagnosis, Delirium, diagnosis |
| Severity and course of delirium in medically hospitalized nursing facility residents. | Kelly KG, Zisselman M, Cutillo-Schmitter T, Reichard R, Payne D, Denman SJ | The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry | 2001 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analysis of Variance, Chi-Square Distribution, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Frail Elderly, Homes for the Aged, Hospitalization, Humans, Male, Nursing Homes, Philadelphia, epidemiology, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Treatment Outcome |
| An open pilot trial of olanzapine for delirium in the Korean population. | Kim KS, Pae CU, Chae JH, Bahk WM, Jun T | Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences | 2001 |
Adult, Aged, Benzodiazepines, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Delirium, drug therapy, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Humans, Korea, Male, Middle Aged, Pirenzepine, adverse effects, Treatment Outcome |
| Benefits of psychiatric consultation-liaison nurse interventions for older hospitalized patients and their nurses. | Kurlowicz LH | Archives of psychiatric nursing | 2001 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cohort Studies, Delirium, diagnosis, Depressive Disorder, Major, diagnosis, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Psychiatric, Humans, Middle Aged, Nurse-Patient Relations, Psychiatric Nursing, Psychiatry, Questionnaires, Referral and Consultation, Retrospective Studies |
| Detection of delirium using the confusion assessment method. | Laplante J, Cole MG | Journal of gerontological nursing | 2001 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Confusion, Delirium, diagnosis, Disease Progression, Female, Geriatric Nursing, methods, Hospitalization, Humans, Male, Monitoring, Physiologic, methods, Neurologic Examination, methods, Nursing Care, Psychological Tests, standards, Sensitivity and Specificity, Severity of Illness Index |
| Preoperative risk factors for postoperative delirium. | Litaker D, Locala J, Franco K, Bronson DL, Tannous Z | General hospital psychiatry | 2001 |
Age Factors, Aged, Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium, epidemiology, Analgesics, Opioid, administration & dosage, Cognition Disorders, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Ohio, epidemiology, Population Surveillance, Postoperative Complications, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Risk Factors, Surgical Procedures, Elective, adverse effects |
| Reducing delirium after hip fracture: a randomized trial. | Marcantonio ER, Flacker JM, Wright RJ, Resnick NM | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2001 |
Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Algorithms, Delirium, classification, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Geriatrics, methods, Hip Fractures, surgery, Humans, Incidence, Length of Stay, statistics & numerical data, Male, Mental Status Schedule, Postoperative Care, methods, Postoperative Complications, classification, Preoperative Care, methods, Prospective Studies, Questionnaires, Referral and Consultation, Severity of Illness Index, Single-Blind Method |
| Clinical utility and validation of the Japanese version of Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale in a psychogeriatric inpatient setting. | Matsuoka Y, Miyake Y, Arakaki H, Tanaka K, Saeki T, Yamawaki S | General hospital psychiatry | 2001 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, diagnosis, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Humans, Japan, Language, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, statistics & numerical data, Psychiatric Department, Hospital, Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results |
| Environmental risk factors for delirium in hospitalized older people. | McCusker J, Cole M, Abrahamowicz M, Han L, Podoba JE, Ramman-Haddad L | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2001 |
Aged, Analysis of Variance, Delirium, etiology, Environment, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Community, Humans, Male, Prospective Studies, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Sensitivity and Specificity, Severity of Illness Index, Social Isolation |
| Delirium in older medical inpatients and subsequent cognitive and functional status: a prospective study. | McCusker J, Cole M, Dendukuri N, Belzile E, Primeau F | CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne | 2001 |
Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition Disorders, epidemiology, Confounding Factors (Epidemiology), Delirium, complications, Dementia, complications, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Hospitalization, Humans, Incidence, Institutionalization, Logistic Models, Male, Prevalence, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychomotor Disorders, epidemiology, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index |
| Delirium: optimising management. | Meagher DJ | BMJ (Clinical research ed.) | 2001 |
Acute Disease, Aged, Antipsychotic Agents, therapeutic use, Benzodiazepines, adverse effects, Cholinergic Antagonists, adverse effects, Comorbidity, Delirium, diagnosis, Environment, Humans, Narcotics, adverse effects, Postoperative Complications, Psychological Tests, Risk Factors, Stress, Psychological |
| Delirium episode as a sign of undetected dementia among community dwelling elderly subjects. | Meagher D | Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry | 2001 |
Aged, Aging, physiology, Delirium, physiopathology, Dementia, diagnosis, Finland, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Neuropsychological Tests |
| A nurse-led interdisciplinary intervention program for delirium in elderly hip-fracture patients. | Milisen K, Foreman MD, Abraham IL, De Geest S, Godderis J, Vandermeulen E, Fischler B, Delooz HH, Spiessens B, Broos PL | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2001 |
Activities of Daily Living, Age Distribution, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Delirium, classification, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Geriatric Nursing, organization & administration, Hip Fractures, surgery, Humans, Incidence, Length of Stay, statistics & numerical data, Male, Nurse Clinicians, organization & administration, Nursing Evaluation Research, Patient Care Team, organization & administration, Postoperative Complications, classification, Program Evaluation, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index |
| Evaluation of the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) as a screening tool for delirium in the emergency room. | Monette J, Galbaud du Fort G, Fung SH, Massoud F, Moride Y, Arsenault L, Afilalo M | General hospital psychiatry | 2001 |
Aged, Alzheimer Disease, diagnosis, Confusion, Delirium, diagnosis, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Humans, Interview, Psychological, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, statistics & numerical data, Observer Variation, Prospective Studies, Psychometrics, Quebec, Reproducibility of Results |
| Communication Capacity Scale and Agitation Distress Scale to measure the severity of delirium in terminally ill cancer patients: a validation study. | Morita T, Tsunoda J, Inoue S, Chihara S, Oka K | Palliative medicine | 2001 |
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anxiety, etiology, Communication, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, psychology, Observation, Psychometrics, Severity of Illness Index, Terminally Ill, psychology |
| Association of plasma free-3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl (ethylene)glycol, natural killer cell activity and delirium in postoperative patients. | Nakamura J, Yoshimura R, Okuno T, Ueda N, Hachida M, Yasumoto K, Egami H, Maeda H, Nishi M, Aoyagi S | International clinical psychopharmacology | 2001 |
Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, blood, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Delirium, blood, Female, Humans, Killer Cells, Natural, metabolism, Male, Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol, blood, Middle Aged, Postoperative Period, Prospective Studies, Statistics, Nonparametric |
| Delirium in the non-demented oldest old in the general population: risk factors and prognosis. | Rahkonen T, Eloniemi-Sulkava U, Halonen P, Verkkoniemi A, Niinistö L, Notkola IL, Sulkava R | International journal of geriatric psychiatry | 2001 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition Disorders, Delirium, diagnosis, Dementia, diagnosis, Female, Finland, epidemiology, Humans, Hypertension, Incidence, Male, Mental Status Schedule, Odds Ratio, Population Surveillance, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors |
| Prevalence, detection and treatment of anxiety, depression, and delirium in the adult critical care unit. | Rincon HG, Granados M, Unutzer J, Gomez M, Duran R, Badiel M, Salas C, Martinez J, Mejia J, Ordoñez C, Florez N, Rosso F, Echeverri P | Psychosomatics | 2001 |
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alcoholism, diagnosis, Anxiety, diagnosis, Colombia, epidemiology, Critical Care, standards, Delirium, diagnosis, Depression, diagnosis, Drug Utilization, statistics & numerical data, Female, Humans, Intensive Care Units, standards, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Psychotropic Drugs, therapeutic use |
| Hyperactivity in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in demented patients with delirium. | Robertsson B, Blennow K, Bråne G, Edman A, Karlsson I, Wallin A, Gottfries CG | International clinical psychopharmacology | 2001 |
Aged, Alzheimer Disease, diagnosis, Arousal, physiology, Delirium, diagnosis, Dementia, diagnosis, Dexamethasone, diagnostic use, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, blood, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, physiopathology, Male, Middle Aged, Pituitary-Adrenal System, physiopathology |
| Assessment of delirium in advanced cancer: the use of the bedside confusion scale. | Sarhill N, Walsh D, Nelson KA, LeGrand S, Davis MP | The American journal of hospice & palliative care | 2001 |
Aged, Case-Control Studies, Causality, Confusion, classification, Delirium, classification, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, methods, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, complications, Neurologic Examination, methods, Patients’ Rooms, Pilot Projects, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Time Factors |
| Early recognition of delirium: review of the literature. | Schuurmans MJ, Duursma SA, Shortridge-Baggett LM | Journal of clinical nursing | 2001 |
Age Distribution, Aged, Delirium, diagnosis, Diagnosis, Differential, Emergencies, Geriatric Assessment, Humans, Incidence, Mass Screening, methods, Nursing Assessment, methods, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Total Quality Management |
| Postoperative delirium and melatonin levels in elderly patients. | Shigeta H, Yasui A, Nimura Y, Machida N, Kageyama M, Miura M, Menjo M, Ikeda K | American journal of surgery | 2001 |
Abdomen, surgery, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Delirium, blood, Female, Humans, Male, Melatonin, blood, Postoperative Complications, blood |
| A survey on the drug therapy for delirium. | Someya T, Endo T, Hara T, Yagi G, Suzuki J | Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences | 2001 |
Antipsychotic Agents, therapeutic use, Delirium, drug therapy, Drug Approval, Drug Utilization Review, Haloperidol, therapeutic use, Humans, Japan, Psychiatric Department, Hospital, standards, Questionnaires |
| Factors associated with sudden death of individuals requiring restraint for excited delirium. | Stratton SJ, Rogers C, Brickett K, Gruzinski G | The American journal of emergency medicine | 2001 |
Adult, Alcoholism, complications, Amphetamine-Related Disorders, complications, Autopsy, Body Mass Index, Cocaine-Related Disorders, complications, Death, Sudden, etiology, Delirium, chemically induced, Emergency Medical Services, Heart Arrest, etiology, Heart Rate, Humans, Marijuana Abuse, complications, Myocardium, pathology, Obesity, complications, Posture, Restraint, Physical, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors |
| Anxiety, delirium, and pain in the intensive care unit. | Szokol JW, Vender JS | Critical care clinics | 2001 |
Analgesics, therapeutic use, Anxiety, drug therapy, Clinical Competence, Critical Illness, psychology, Delirium, drug therapy, Humans, Hypnotics and Sedatives, therapeutic use, Intensive Care Units, standards, Pain, drug therapy, Quality of Health Care, Respiration, Artificial |
| Acute confusion in terminally ill hospitalized patients. | Wakefield B, Johnson JA | Journal of gerontological nursing | 2001 |
Acute Disease, Aged, Confusion, etiology, Delirium, etiology, Hospitalization, Humans, Male, Neoplasms, psychology, Terminally Ill, psychology |
| Delirious mania in the elderly. | Weintraub D, Lippmann S | International journal of geriatric psychiatry | 2001 |
Aged, Antipsychotic Agents, administration & dosage, Bipolar Disorder, diagnosis, Confusion, etiology, Delirium, diagnosis, Diagnosis, Differential, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Humans, Male, Psychomotor Agitation, etiology, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, etiology, Syndrome, Treatment Outcome |
| Effectiveness of interventions to prevent delirium in hospitalized patients: a systemic review. | Zeleznik J | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2001 |
Delirium, etiology, Hospitalization, Humans, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Risk Factors |
| Acute confusional state in the elderly following hip surgery: incidence, risk factors and complications. | Galanakis P, Bickel H, Gradinger R, Von Gumppenberg S, Förstl H | International journal of geriatric psychiatry | 2001 |
Acute Disease, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, adverse effects, Confusion, epidemiology, Delirium, epidemiology, Female, Germany, epidemiology, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sampling Studies |
| Use of medications with anticholinergic effect predicts clinical severity of delirium symptoms in older medical inpatients. | Han L, McCusker J, Cole M, Abrahamowicz M, Primeau F, Elie M | Archives of internal medicine | 2001 |
Aged, Analysis of Variance, Cholinergic Antagonists, adverse effects, Dementia, complications, Disease Progression, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Linear Models, Male, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Time Factors |
| Establishing a case-finding and referral system for at-risk older individuals in the emergency department setting: the SIGNET model. | Mion LC, Palmer RM, Anetzberger GJ, Meldon SW | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2001 |
Aged, Case Management, organization & administration, Emergency Service, Hospital, Geriatric Assessment, Health Services for the Aged, organization & administration, Humans, Program Evaluation, Referral and Consultation, organization & administration, Risk Factors |
| Relationship between aggressive behaviors and depression among nursing home residents with dementia. | Menon AS, Gruber-Baldini AL, Hebel JR, Kaup B, Loreck D, Itkin Zimmerman S, Burton L, German P, Magaziner J | International journal of geriatric psychiatry | 2001 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aggression, Dementia, complications, Depression, epidemiology, Female, Homes for the Aged, Humans, Male, Maryland, epidemiology, Nursing Homes, Odds Ratio, Prevalence, Psychotic Disorders, complications, Risk, Severity of Illness Index, Verbal Behavior |
| Functional decline in independent elders after minor traumatic injury. | Shapiro MJ, Partridge RA, Jenouri I, Micalone M, Gifford D | Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine | 2001 |
Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Chi-Square Distribution, Comorbidity, Emergency Service, Hospital, statistics & numerical data, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Humans, Male, Prospective Studies, Sex Distribution, Wounds and Injuries, complications |
| The Hospital Elder Life Program: a model of care to prevent cognitive and functional decline in older hospitalized patients. Hospital Elder Life Program. | Inouye SK, Bogardus ST, Baker DI, Leo-Summers L, Cooney LM | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2000 |
Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Cognition Disorders, diagnosis, Connecticut, Evidence-Based Medicine, Geriatric Assessment, Geriatric Nursing, organization & administration, Geriatrics, organization & administration, Health Services Research, Hospitals, Teaching, organization & administration, Humans, Job Description, Mass Screening, organization & administration, Mental Status Schedule, Models, Organizational, Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care), Patient Admission, Patient Care Team, organization & administration, Program Evaluation, Quality Assurance, Health Care, organization & administration, Risk Factors |
| Prevention of delirium in hospitalized older patients: risk factors and targeted intervention strategies. | Inouye SK | Annals of medicine | 2000 |
Aged, Cognition Disorders, complications, Confidence Intervals, Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic, Critical Illness, Dehydration, complications, Delirium, etiology, Evidence-Based Medicine, Hospitalization, Humans, Iatrogenic Disease, Incidence, Intervention Studies, Nutrition Disorders, complications, Odds Ratio, Patient Admission, Polypharmacy, Restraint, Physical, Risk Factors, Urinary Catheterization, instrumentation, Vision Disorders, complications |
| Goals in geriatric assessment: are we measuring the right outcomes? | Bradley EH, Bogardus ST, van Doorn C, Williams CS, Cherlin E, Inouye SK | The Gerontologist | 2000 |
Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Caregivers, Case Management, Cross-Sectional Studies, Data Collection, Education, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Goals, Humans, Male, Marital Status, Mental Status Schedule, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Patients, Physicians, Questionnaires |
| Serotonin and amino acids: partners in delirium pathophysiology? | van der Mast RC, Fekkes D | Seminars in clinical neuropsychiatry | 2000 |
Aged, Amino Acids, physiology, Blood-Brain Barrier, physiology, Brain, physiopathology, Delirium, etiology, Humans, Risk Factors, Serotonin, physiology |
| Is there a final common neural pathway in delirium? Focus on acetylcholine and dopamine. | Trzepacz PT | Seminars in clinical neuropsychiatry | 2000 |
Acetylcholine, physiology, Brain, physiopathology, Brain Mapping, Delirium, diagnosis, Dopamine, physiology, Humans, Synaptic Transmission, physiology |
| The mini-cog: a cognitive 'vital signs' measure for dementia screening in multi-lingual elderly. | Borson S, Scanlan J, Brush M, Vitaliano P, Dokmak A | International journal of geriatric psychiatry | 2000 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, diagnosis, Ethnic Groups, psychology, Female, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, Mental Recall, Mental Status Schedule, statistics & numerical data, Middle Aged, Multilingualism, Neuropsychological Tests, statistics & numerical data, Psychometrics, Psychomotor Performance, Reproducibility of Results, United States |
| The Clinician Assessment of Fluctuation and the One Day Fluctuation Assessment Scale. Two methods to assess fluctuating confusion in dementia. | Walker MP, Ayre GA, Cummings JL, Wesnes K, McKeith IG, O'Brien JT, Ballard CG | The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science | 2000 |
Aged, Clinical Protocols, Confusion, diagnosis, Dementia, diagnosis, Diagnosis, Differential, Electroencephalography, methods, England, epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Research Design |
| Delirium on hospital admission in aged hip fracture patients: prediction of mortality and 2-year functional outcomes. | Dolan MM, Hawkes WG, Zimmerman SI, Morrison RS, Gruber-Baldini AL, Hebel JR, Magaziner J | The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences | 2000 |
Activities of Daily Living, Affect, physiology, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition, physiology, Confounding Factors (Epidemiology), Continental Population Groups, Delirium, etiology, Depression, etiology, Disease, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Forecasting, Hip Fractures, complications, Hospitalization, Humans, Length of Stay, Long-Term Care, Male, Pain, psychology, Patient Admission, Patient Discharge, Prognosis, Recovery of Function, physiology, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Statistics as Topic, Survival Rate |
| Acute confusional states in patients undergoing hip surgery. a prospective observation study. | Duppils GS, Wikblad K | Gerontology | 2000 |
Acute Disease, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, psychology, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Cognition Disorders, complications, Confusion, epidemiology, Female, Hip Fractures, surgery, Hospitalization, Humans, Incidence, Male, Prospective Studies, Social Isolation |
| Delirium is independently associated with poor functional recovery after hip fracture. | Marcantonio ER, Flacker JM, Michaels M, Resnick NM | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2000 |
Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition Disorders, complications, Delirium, etiology, Female, Hip Fractures, complications, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, United States, epidemiology, Walking |
| Development of delirium: a prospective cohort study in a community hospital. | Martin NJ, Stones MJ, Young JE, Bédard M | International psychogeriatrics / IPA | 2000 |
Aged, Cohort Studies, Delirium, diagnosis, Disease Progression, Female, Hospitals, Community, Humans, Male, Patient Admission, Prospective Studies, Psychological Tests, Risk Factors, Sensitivity and Specificity |
| Do hospital fall prevention programs work? A systematic review. | Oliver D, Hopper A, Seed P | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2000 |
Accidental Falls, prevention & control, Confidence Intervals, Health Services Research, Hospital Administration, Humans, Program Evaluation, Prospective Studies, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Regression Analysis, Research Design, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Risk Management, organization & administration, Safety Management, organization & administration |
| An epidemiological study of falls on integrated general medical wards. | Vassallo M, Azeem T, Pirwani MF, Sharma JC, Allen SC | International journal of clinical practice | 2000 |
Accidental Falls, prevention & control, Aged, Female, Hospitalization, statistics & numerical data, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patients’ Rooms, statistics & numerical data, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors |
| Falls on integrated medical wards. | Vassallo M, Amersey RA, Sharma JC, Allen SC | Gerontology | 2000 |
Accidental Falls, statistics & numerical data, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Data Collection, Female, Great Britain, epidemiology, Hospital Departments, statistics & numerical data, Humans, Incidence, Male, Probability, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sex Distribution, Wounds and Injuries, epidemiology |
| Survival in end-stage dementia following acute illness. | Morrison RS, Siu AL | JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association | 2000 |
Acute Disease, Advance Directives, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition, Cost of Illness, Dementia, complications, Female, Hip Fractures, complications, Hospitalization, Humans, Male, Palliative Care, Patient Care, Pneumonia, complications, Prognosis, Proportional Hazards Models, Prospective Studies, Survival Analysis |
| Delirium in terminal cancer: a prospective study using daily screening, early diagnosis, and continuous monitoring. | Gagnon P, Allard P, Mâsse B, DeSerres M | Journal of pain and symptom management | 2000 |
Aged, Canada, Critical Illness, psychology, Delirium, epidemiology, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Neoplasms, psychology, Prospective Studies |
| Impact of delirium on the short term prognosis of advanced cancer patients. Italian Multicenter Study Group on Palliative Care. | Caraceni A, Nanni O, Maltoni M, Piva L, Indelli M, Arnoldi E, Monti M, Montanari L, Amadori D, De Conno F | Cancer | 2000 |
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Delirium, etiology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Neoplasms, diagnosis, Palliative Care, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Survival Analysis |
| Outcomes associated with delirium in acutely hospitalized acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients. | Uldall KK, Harris VL, Lalonde B | Comprehensive psychiatry | 2000 |
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, complications, Adult, Delirium, etiology, Female, HIV Infections, complications, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, United States, epidemiology |
| Association between delirium and death in AIDS patients. | Uldall KK, Ryan R, Berghuis JP, Harris VL | AIDS patient care and STDs | 2000 |
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, complications, Adult, Delirium, complications, Female, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Medical Records, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Survival Analysis, Washington, epidemiology |
| Temporal association between hospitalization and rate of falls after discharge. | Mahoney JE, Palta M, Johnson J, Jalaluddin M, Gray S, Park S, Sager M | Archives of internal medicine | 2000 |
Accidental Falls, statistics & numerical data, Activities of Daily Living, classification, Acute Disease, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Geriatric Assessment, statistics & numerical data, Hospitalization, statistics & numerical data, Humans, Male, Patient Discharge, statistics & numerical data, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Wisconsin, epidemiology, Wounds and Injuries, epidemiology |
| Consequences of not recognizing delirium superimposed on dementia in hospitalized elderly individuals. | Fick D, Foreman M | Journal of gerontological nursing | 2000 |
Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Comorbidity, Delirium, complications, Dementia, complications, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Geriatric Nursing, methods, Hospitalization, Humans, Incidence, Male, Mental Status Schedule, Nursing Assessment, methods, Prevalence |
| The impact of delirium in the intensive care unit on hospital length of stay. | Ely EW, Gautam S, Margolin R, Francis J, May L, Speroff T, Truman B, Dittus R, Bernard R, Inouye SK | Intensive care medicine | 2001 |
Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Length of Stay, Linear Models, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Survival Rate, Treatment Outcome |
| What does the medical record reveal about functional status? A comparison of medical record and interview data. | Bogardus ST, Towle V, Williams CS, Desai MM, Inouye SK | Journal of general internal medicine | 2001 |
Academic Medical Centers, Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Health Status, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, Medical Records, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Predictive Value of Tests, Sensitivity and Specificity |
| An algorithm for prospective individual matching in a non-randomized clinical trial. | Charpentier PA, Bogardus ST, Inouye SK | Journal of clinical epidemiology | 2001 |
Aged, Algorithms, Clinical Trials as Topic, Delirium, prevention & control, Female, Humans, Male, Risk Factors, Selection Bias |
| Dementia and race: are there differences between African Americans and Caucasians? | Froehlich TE, Bogardus ST, Inouye SK | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2001 |
African Continental Ancestry Group, Alzheimer Disease, epidemiology, Dementia, epidemiology, Dementia, Vascular, epidemiology, European Continental Ancestry Group, Humans, Prevalence, United States, epidemiology |
| Risk adjustment for older hospitalized persons: a comparison of two methods of data collection for the Charlson index. | van Doorn C, Bogardus ST, Williams CS, Concato J, Towle VR, Inouye SK | Journal of clinical epidemiology | 2001 |
Aged, Comorbidity, Data Collection, methods, Female, Hospitalization, statistics & numerical data, Humans, Male, Mortality, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Risk Adjustment |
| Cognitive and other adverse effects of diphenhydramine use in hospitalized older patients. | Agostini JV, Leo-Summers LS, Inouye SK | Archives of internal medicine | 2001 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cohort Studies, Connecticut, Delirium, chemically induced, Diphenhydramine, adverse effects, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Hospitalization, Hospitals, University, Humans, Male, Mental Status Schedule, Prospective Studies, Risk |
| Acute confusional state in elderly orthopaedic patients: factors of importance for detection in nursing care. | Andersson EM, Gustafson L, Hallberg IR | International journal of geriatric psychiatry | 2001 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Confusion, etiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Health Status, Hip Fractures, complications, Humans, Male, Nursing Homes, Postoperative Complications, Prognosis, Risk Factors |
| An evidence-based clinical approach to the diagnosis of dementia. | Chong MS, Sahadevan S | Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore | 2003 |
Alzheimer Disease, diagnosis, Brain, pathology, Caregivers, Delirium, diagnosis, Dementia, diagnosis, Dementia, Vascular, diagnosis, Evidence-Based Medicine, Health Status Indicators, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neuropsychological Tests, Tomography, X-Ray Computed |
| The prognostic significance of subsyndromal delirium in elderly medical inpatients. | Cole M, McCusker J, Dendukuri N, Han L | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cohort Studies, Cost of Illness, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Health Status, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Prognosis |
| An empirical study of different diagnostic criteria for delirium among elderly medical inpatients. | Cole MG, Dendukuri N, McCusker J, Han L | The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Confusion, epidemiology, Delirium, diagnosis, Dementia, diagnosis, Diagnosis, Differential, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Empirical Research, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Humans, Inpatients, International Classification of Diseases, standards, Male, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, standards, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, statistics & numerical data, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity |
| Delirium in the course of cancer treatment. | Fann JR, Sullivan AK | Seminars in clinical neuropsychiatry | 2003 |
Analgesics, Opioid, adverse effects, Delirium, diagnosis, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, adverse effects, Humans, Immunotherapy, adverse effects, Neoplasms, complications, Pain, drug therapy, Risk Factors, Terminal Care |
| A model for managing delirious older inpatients. | Flaherty JH, Tariq SH, Raghavan S, Bakshi S, Moinuddin A, Morley JE | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Delirium, economics, Geriatric Nursing, economics, Health Facility Environment, economics, Hospital Units, economics, Humans, Intensive Care, economics, Mental Health Services, economics, Models, Nursing, Models, Organizational, Program Development, economics |
| Donepezil for postoperative delirium. | Gleason OC | Psychosomatics | 2003 |
Aged, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Hip Fractures, surgery, Humans, Indans, therapeutic use, Mental Status Schedule, Nootropic Agents, therapeutic use, Piperidines, therapeutic use, Postoperative Complications, diagnosis, Treatment Outcome |
| Cognitive impairment in hip fracture patients: timing of detection and longitudinal follow-up. | Gruber-Baldini AL, Zimmerman S, Morrison RS, Grattan LM, Hebel JR, Dolan MM, Hawkes W, Magaziner J | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2003 |
Activities of Daily Living, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition Disorders, complications, Cohort Studies, Delirium, complications, Dementia, complications, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Hip Fractures, complications, Hospitalization, Humans, Incidence, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Prevalence, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Regression Analysis, Sex Factors, Time Factors |
| Delirium in older emergency department patients discharged home: effect on survival. | Kakuma R, du Fort GG, Arsenault L, Perrault A, Platt RW, Monette J, Moride Y, Wolfson C | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Comorbidity, Delirium, complications, Emergency Service, Hospital, statistics & numerical data, Female, Humans, Male, Mortality, Patient Discharge, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Quebec |
| Delirium among newly admitted postacute facility patients: prevalence, symptoms, and severity. | Kiely DK, Bergmann MA, Murphy KM, Jones RN, Orav EJ, Marcantonio ER | The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Boston, epidemiology, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Skilled Nursing Facilities |
| Delirium in the critical care patient: what the professional staff needs to know. | Litton KA | Critical care nursing quarterly | 2003 |
Aged, Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium, etiology, Anxiety, etiology, Comorbidity, Confusion, etiology, Critical Care, Delirium, diagnosis, Education, Continuing, Humans, Nurse’s Role, Nursing Assessment, Psychotic Disorders, etiology, Risk Factors |
| Dementia after delirium in patients with femoral neck fractures. | Lundström M, Edlund A, Bucht G, Karlsson S, Gustafson Y | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Delirium, complications, Dementia, etiology, Female, Femoral Neck Fractures, complications, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Postoperative Period, Preoperative Care, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Risk Assessment, Time Factors |
| Delirium symptoms in post-acute care: prevalent, persistent, and associated with poor functional recovery. | Marcantonio ER, Simon SE, Bergmann MA, Jones RN, Murphy KM, Morris JN | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2003 |
Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Delirium, complications, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Recovery of Function, Skilled Nursing Facilities, United States, epidemiology |
| Delirium in the intensive care unit. | Marshall MC, Soucy MD | Critical care nursing quarterly | 2003 |
Aged, Anxiety, complications, Confusion, complications, Delirium, etiology, Dementia, complications, Humans, Intensive Care, Intensive Care Units, Mental Disorders, complications, Nursing Assessment, Psychomotor Agitation, complications, Risk Factors |