What is the Delirium Bibliography? The searchable Delirium Bibliography page is one of our most popular features, allowing you to quickly gain access to the literature on delirium and acute care of older persons. It is primarily intended for clinicians and researchers interested in exploring these topics. The NIDUS team keeps it updated for you on a monthly basis!
How to Search for Articles: Search by author, title, year, and/or keywords. Each article is indexed by keywords taken from MEDLINE and other relevant databases. Click on the title of the article to read the abstract, journal, etc.
Reference Information
- Title
- Withdrawal versus continuation of long-term antipsychotic drug use for behavioural and psychological symptoms in older people with dementia.
- Authors
- Van Leeuwen, E. Petrovic, M. van Driel, M. L. De Sutter, A. I. M. Vander Stichele, R. Declercq, T. Christiaens, T.
- Year
- 2018
- Journal
- Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
- Abstract
Background: Antipsychotic agents are often used to treat neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in people with dementia although there is uncertainty about the effectiveness of their long-term use for this indication and concern that they may cause harm, including higher mortality. When behavioural strategies have failed and treatment with antipsychotic drugs is instituted, regular attempts to withdraw them have been recommended in guidelines. Physicians, nurses and families of older people with dementia may be reluctant to stop antipsychotics, fearing deterioration of NPS. This is an update of a Cochrane Review published in 2013. Objectives: To evaluate whether withdrawal of antipsychotic agents is successful in older people with dementia and NPS in primary care or nursing home settings, to list the different strategies for withdrawal of antipsychotic agents in older participants with dementia and NPS, and to measure the effects of withdrawal of antipsychotic agents on participants’ behaviour and assess safety. Search methods: We searched the Specialized Register of the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group (ALOIS), theCochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, LILACS, clinical trials registries and grey literature sources up to 11 January 2018. Selection criteria: We included all randomised, controlled trials comparing an antipsychotic withdrawal strategy to continuation of antipsychotics in people with dementia who had been treated with an antipsychotic drug for at least three months. Data collection and analysis: We used standard methodological procedures according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. We rated the quality of evidence for each outcome using the GRADE approach. Main results: We included 10 studies involving 632 participants. One new trial (19 participants) was added for this update. One trial was conducted in a community setting, eight in nursing homes and one in both settings. Different types of antipsychotics at varying doses were discontinued in the studies. Both abrupt and gradual withdrawal schedules were used. Reported data were predominantly from studies at low or unclear risk of bias. We included nine trials with 575 randomised participants that used a proxy outcome for overall success of antipsychotic withdrawal. Pooling data was not possible due to heterogeneity of outcome measures used. Based on assessment of seven studies, discontinuation may make little or no difference to whether or not participants complete the study (low-quality evidence). Two trials included only participants with psychosis, agitation or aggression who had responded to antipsychotic treatment. In these two trials, stopping antipsychotics was associated with a higher risk of leaving the study early due to symptomatic relapse or a shorter time to symptomatic relapse. We found low-quality evidence that discontinuation may make little or no difference to overall NPS, measured using various scales (7 trials, 519 participants). There was some evidence from subgroup analyses in two trials that discontinuation may reduce agitation for participants with less severe NPS at baseline, but may be associated with a worsening of NPS in participants with more severe NPS at baseline. None of the studies assessed withdrawal symptoms. Adverse effects of antipsychotics (such as falls) were not systematically assessed. Low-quality evidence showed that discontinuation may have little or no effect on adverse events (5 trials, 381 participants), quality of life (2 trials, 119 participants), or cognitive function (5 trials, 365 participants). There were insufficient data to determine whether discontinuation of antipsychotics has any effect on mortality (very low-quality evidence). Authors’ conclusions: There is low-quality evidence that antipsychotics may be successfully discontinued in older people with dementia and NPS who have been taking antipsychotics for at least three months, and that discontinuation may have little or no important effect on behavioural and psychological symptoms. This i consistent with the observation that most behavioural complications of dementia are intermittent and often do not persist for longer than three months. Discontinuation may have little or no effect on overall cognitive function. Discontinuation may make no difference to adverse events and quality of life. Based on the trials in this review, we are uncertain whether discontinuation of antipsychotics leads to a decrease in mortality. People with psychosis, aggression or agitation who responded well to long-term antipsychotic drug use, or those with more severe NPS at baseline, may benefit behaviourally from continuation of antipsychotics. Discontinuation may reduce agitation for people with mild NPS at baseline. However, these conclusions are based on few studies or small subgroups and further evidence of benefits and harms associated with withdrawal of antipsychotic is required in people with dementia and mild and severe NPS. The overall conclusions of the review have not changed since 2013 and the number of available trials remains low.
- PMID
- Keywords
chlorpromazine
haloperidol
levomepromazine
lorazepam
loxapine
mesoridazine
neuroleptic agent
olanzapine
perphenazine
placebo
risperidone
thioridazine
tiotixene
trifluoperazine
aggression
agitation
akathisia
behavior disorder
blood pressure
body equilibrium
cardiovascular disease
cognition
confusion
dementia
drug fatality
drug megadose
drug response
drug safety
drug withdrawal
extrapyramidal symptom
falling
fracture
heart rate
human
insomnia
long term care
low drug dose
lung disease
mental disease
motor dysfunction
nausea
neurologic disease
nursing home
parkinsonism
physical mobility
primary medical care
priority journal
psychosis
quality of life
relapse
restlessness
review
sedation
side effect
systematic review
tardive dyskinesia
treatment outcome
vomiting
- Page(s)
- Volume
- Issue
- 3
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Keywords |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Evaluation of the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) as a screening tool for delirium in the emergency room. | Monette J, Galbaud du Fort G, Fung SH, Massoud F, Moride Y, Arsenault L, Afilalo M | General hospital psychiatry | 2001 |
Aged, Alzheimer Disease, diagnosis, Confusion, Delirium, diagnosis, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Humans, Interview, Psychological, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, statistics & numerical data, Observer Variation, Prospective Studies, Psychometrics, Quebec, Reproducibility of Results |
| Communication Capacity Scale and Agitation Distress Scale to measure the severity of delirium in terminally ill cancer patients: a validation study. | Morita T, Tsunoda J, Inoue S, Chihara S, Oka K | Palliative medicine | 2001 |
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anxiety, etiology, Communication, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, psychology, Observation, Psychometrics, Severity of Illness Index, Terminally Ill, psychology |
| Association of plasma free-3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl (ethylene)glycol, natural killer cell activity and delirium in postoperative patients. | Nakamura J, Yoshimura R, Okuno T, Ueda N, Hachida M, Yasumoto K, Egami H, Maeda H, Nishi M, Aoyagi S | International clinical psychopharmacology | 2001 |
Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, blood, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Delirium, blood, Female, Humans, Killer Cells, Natural, metabolism, Male, Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol, blood, Middle Aged, Postoperative Period, Prospective Studies, Statistics, Nonparametric |
| Delirium in the non-demented oldest old in the general population: risk factors and prognosis. | Rahkonen T, Eloniemi-Sulkava U, Halonen P, Verkkoniemi A, Niinistö L, Notkola IL, Sulkava R | International journal of geriatric psychiatry | 2001 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition Disorders, Delirium, diagnosis, Dementia, diagnosis, Female, Finland, epidemiology, Humans, Hypertension, Incidence, Male, Mental Status Schedule, Odds Ratio, Population Surveillance, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors |
| Prevalence, detection and treatment of anxiety, depression, and delirium in the adult critical care unit. | Rincon HG, Granados M, Unutzer J, Gomez M, Duran R, Badiel M, Salas C, Martinez J, Mejia J, Ordoñez C, Florez N, Rosso F, Echeverri P | Psychosomatics | 2001 |
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alcoholism, diagnosis, Anxiety, diagnosis, Colombia, epidemiology, Critical Care, standards, Delirium, diagnosis, Depression, diagnosis, Drug Utilization, statistics & numerical data, Female, Humans, Intensive Care Units, standards, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Psychotropic Drugs, therapeutic use |
| Hyperactivity in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in demented patients with delirium. | Robertsson B, Blennow K, Bråne G, Edman A, Karlsson I, Wallin A, Gottfries CG | International clinical psychopharmacology | 2001 |
Aged, Alzheimer Disease, diagnosis, Arousal, physiology, Delirium, diagnosis, Dementia, diagnosis, Dexamethasone, diagnostic use, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, blood, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, physiopathology, Male, Middle Aged, Pituitary-Adrenal System, physiopathology |
| Assessment of delirium in advanced cancer: the use of the bedside confusion scale. | Sarhill N, Walsh D, Nelson KA, LeGrand S, Davis MP | The American journal of hospice & palliative care | 2001 |
Aged, Case-Control Studies, Causality, Confusion, classification, Delirium, classification, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, methods, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, complications, Neurologic Examination, methods, Patients’ Rooms, Pilot Projects, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Time Factors |
| Early recognition of delirium: review of the literature. | Schuurmans MJ, Duursma SA, Shortridge-Baggett LM | Journal of clinical nursing | 2001 |
Age Distribution, Aged, Delirium, diagnosis, Diagnosis, Differential, Emergencies, Geriatric Assessment, Humans, Incidence, Mass Screening, methods, Nursing Assessment, methods, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Total Quality Management |
| Postoperative delirium and melatonin levels in elderly patients. | Shigeta H, Yasui A, Nimura Y, Machida N, Kageyama M, Miura M, Menjo M, Ikeda K | American journal of surgery | 2001 |
Abdomen, surgery, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Delirium, blood, Female, Humans, Male, Melatonin, blood, Postoperative Complications, blood |
| A survey on the drug therapy for delirium. | Someya T, Endo T, Hara T, Yagi G, Suzuki J | Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences | 2001 |
Antipsychotic Agents, therapeutic use, Delirium, drug therapy, Drug Approval, Drug Utilization Review, Haloperidol, therapeutic use, Humans, Japan, Psychiatric Department, Hospital, standards, Questionnaires |
| Factors associated with sudden death of individuals requiring restraint for excited delirium. | Stratton SJ, Rogers C, Brickett K, Gruzinski G | The American journal of emergency medicine | 2001 |
Adult, Alcoholism, complications, Amphetamine-Related Disorders, complications, Autopsy, Body Mass Index, Cocaine-Related Disorders, complications, Death, Sudden, etiology, Delirium, chemically induced, Emergency Medical Services, Heart Arrest, etiology, Heart Rate, Humans, Marijuana Abuse, complications, Myocardium, pathology, Obesity, complications, Posture, Restraint, Physical, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors |
| Anxiety, delirium, and pain in the intensive care unit. | Szokol JW, Vender JS | Critical care clinics | 2001 |
Analgesics, therapeutic use, Anxiety, drug therapy, Clinical Competence, Critical Illness, psychology, Delirium, drug therapy, Humans, Hypnotics and Sedatives, therapeutic use, Intensive Care Units, standards, Pain, drug therapy, Quality of Health Care, Respiration, Artificial |
| Acute confusion in terminally ill hospitalized patients. | Wakefield B, Johnson JA | Journal of gerontological nursing | 2001 |
Acute Disease, Aged, Confusion, etiology, Delirium, etiology, Hospitalization, Humans, Male, Neoplasms, psychology, Terminally Ill, psychology |
| Delirious mania in the elderly. | Weintraub D, Lippmann S | International journal of geriatric psychiatry | 2001 |
Aged, Antipsychotic Agents, administration & dosage, Bipolar Disorder, diagnosis, Confusion, etiology, Delirium, diagnosis, Diagnosis, Differential, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Humans, Male, Psychomotor Agitation, etiology, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, etiology, Syndrome, Treatment Outcome |
| Effectiveness of interventions to prevent delirium in hospitalized patients: a systemic review. | Zeleznik J | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2001 |
Delirium, etiology, Hospitalization, Humans, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Risk Factors |
| Acute confusional state in the elderly following hip surgery: incidence, risk factors and complications. | Galanakis P, Bickel H, Gradinger R, Von Gumppenberg S, Förstl H | International journal of geriatric psychiatry | 2001 |
Acute Disease, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, adverse effects, Confusion, epidemiology, Delirium, epidemiology, Female, Germany, epidemiology, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sampling Studies |
| Use of medications with anticholinergic effect predicts clinical severity of delirium symptoms in older medical inpatients. | Han L, McCusker J, Cole M, Abrahamowicz M, Primeau F, Elie M | Archives of internal medicine | 2001 |
Aged, Analysis of Variance, Cholinergic Antagonists, adverse effects, Dementia, complications, Disease Progression, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Linear Models, Male, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Time Factors |
| Establishing a case-finding and referral system for at-risk older individuals in the emergency department setting: the SIGNET model. | Mion LC, Palmer RM, Anetzberger GJ, Meldon SW | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2001 |
Aged, Case Management, organization & administration, Emergency Service, Hospital, Geriatric Assessment, Health Services for the Aged, organization & administration, Humans, Program Evaluation, Referral and Consultation, organization & administration, Risk Factors |
| Relationship between aggressive behaviors and depression among nursing home residents with dementia. | Menon AS, Gruber-Baldini AL, Hebel JR, Kaup B, Loreck D, Itkin Zimmerman S, Burton L, German P, Magaziner J | International journal of geriatric psychiatry | 2001 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aggression, Dementia, complications, Depression, epidemiology, Female, Homes for the Aged, Humans, Male, Maryland, epidemiology, Nursing Homes, Odds Ratio, Prevalence, Psychotic Disorders, complications, Risk, Severity of Illness Index, Verbal Behavior |
| Functional decline in independent elders after minor traumatic injury. | Shapiro MJ, Partridge RA, Jenouri I, Micalone M, Gifford D | Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine | 2001 |
Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Chi-Square Distribution, Comorbidity, Emergency Service, Hospital, statistics & numerical data, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Humans, Male, Prospective Studies, Sex Distribution, Wounds and Injuries, complications |
| The Hospital Elder Life Program: a model of care to prevent cognitive and functional decline in older hospitalized patients. Hospital Elder Life Program. | Inouye SK, Bogardus ST, Baker DI, Leo-Summers L, Cooney LM | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2000 |
Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Cognition Disorders, diagnosis, Connecticut, Evidence-Based Medicine, Geriatric Assessment, Geriatric Nursing, organization & administration, Geriatrics, organization & administration, Health Services Research, Hospitals, Teaching, organization & administration, Humans, Job Description, Mass Screening, organization & administration, Mental Status Schedule, Models, Organizational, Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care), Patient Admission, Patient Care Team, organization & administration, Program Evaluation, Quality Assurance, Health Care, organization & administration, Risk Factors |
| Prevention of delirium in hospitalized older patients: risk factors and targeted intervention strategies. | Inouye SK | Annals of medicine | 2000 |
Aged, Cognition Disorders, complications, Confidence Intervals, Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic, Critical Illness, Dehydration, complications, Delirium, etiology, Evidence-Based Medicine, Hospitalization, Humans, Iatrogenic Disease, Incidence, Intervention Studies, Nutrition Disorders, complications, Odds Ratio, Patient Admission, Polypharmacy, Restraint, Physical, Risk Factors, Urinary Catheterization, instrumentation, Vision Disorders, complications |
| Goals in geriatric assessment: are we measuring the right outcomes? | Bradley EH, Bogardus ST, van Doorn C, Williams CS, Cherlin E, Inouye SK | The Gerontologist | 2000 |
Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Caregivers, Case Management, Cross-Sectional Studies, Data Collection, Education, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Goals, Humans, Male, Marital Status, Mental Status Schedule, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Patients, Physicians, Questionnaires |
| Serotonin and amino acids: partners in delirium pathophysiology? | van der Mast RC, Fekkes D | Seminars in clinical neuropsychiatry | 2000 |
Aged, Amino Acids, physiology, Blood-Brain Barrier, physiology, Brain, physiopathology, Delirium, etiology, Humans, Risk Factors, Serotonin, physiology |
| Is there a final common neural pathway in delirium? Focus on acetylcholine and dopamine. | Trzepacz PT | Seminars in clinical neuropsychiatry | 2000 |
Acetylcholine, physiology, Brain, physiopathology, Brain Mapping, Delirium, diagnosis, Dopamine, physiology, Humans, Synaptic Transmission, physiology |
| The mini-cog: a cognitive 'vital signs' measure for dementia screening in multi-lingual elderly. | Borson S, Scanlan J, Brush M, Vitaliano P, Dokmak A | International journal of geriatric psychiatry | 2000 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, diagnosis, Ethnic Groups, psychology, Female, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, Mental Recall, Mental Status Schedule, statistics & numerical data, Middle Aged, Multilingualism, Neuropsychological Tests, statistics & numerical data, Psychometrics, Psychomotor Performance, Reproducibility of Results, United States |
| The Clinician Assessment of Fluctuation and the One Day Fluctuation Assessment Scale. Two methods to assess fluctuating confusion in dementia. | Walker MP, Ayre GA, Cummings JL, Wesnes K, McKeith IG, O'Brien JT, Ballard CG | The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science | 2000 |
Aged, Clinical Protocols, Confusion, diagnosis, Dementia, diagnosis, Diagnosis, Differential, Electroencephalography, methods, England, epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Research Design |
| Delirium on hospital admission in aged hip fracture patients: prediction of mortality and 2-year functional outcomes. | Dolan MM, Hawkes WG, Zimmerman SI, Morrison RS, Gruber-Baldini AL, Hebel JR, Magaziner J | The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences | 2000 |
Activities of Daily Living, Affect, physiology, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition, physiology, Confounding Factors (Epidemiology), Continental Population Groups, Delirium, etiology, Depression, etiology, Disease, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Forecasting, Hip Fractures, complications, Hospitalization, Humans, Length of Stay, Long-Term Care, Male, Pain, psychology, Patient Admission, Patient Discharge, Prognosis, Recovery of Function, physiology, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Statistics as Topic, Survival Rate |
| Acute confusional states in patients undergoing hip surgery. a prospective observation study. | Duppils GS, Wikblad K | Gerontology | 2000 |
Acute Disease, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, psychology, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Cognition Disorders, complications, Confusion, epidemiology, Female, Hip Fractures, surgery, Hospitalization, Humans, Incidence, Male, Prospective Studies, Social Isolation |
| Delirium is independently associated with poor functional recovery after hip fracture. | Marcantonio ER, Flacker JM, Michaels M, Resnick NM | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2000 |
Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition Disorders, complications, Delirium, etiology, Female, Hip Fractures, complications, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, United States, epidemiology, Walking |
| Development of delirium: a prospective cohort study in a community hospital. | Martin NJ, Stones MJ, Young JE, Bédard M | International psychogeriatrics / IPA | 2000 |
Aged, Cohort Studies, Delirium, diagnosis, Disease Progression, Female, Hospitals, Community, Humans, Male, Patient Admission, Prospective Studies, Psychological Tests, Risk Factors, Sensitivity and Specificity |
| Do hospital fall prevention programs work? A systematic review. | Oliver D, Hopper A, Seed P | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2000 |
Accidental Falls, prevention & control, Confidence Intervals, Health Services Research, Hospital Administration, Humans, Program Evaluation, Prospective Studies, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Regression Analysis, Research Design, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Risk Management, organization & administration, Safety Management, organization & administration |
| An epidemiological study of falls on integrated general medical wards. | Vassallo M, Azeem T, Pirwani MF, Sharma JC, Allen SC | International journal of clinical practice | 2000 |
Accidental Falls, prevention & control, Aged, Female, Hospitalization, statistics & numerical data, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patients’ Rooms, statistics & numerical data, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors |
| Falls on integrated medical wards. | Vassallo M, Amersey RA, Sharma JC, Allen SC | Gerontology | 2000 |
Accidental Falls, statistics & numerical data, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Data Collection, Female, Great Britain, epidemiology, Hospital Departments, statistics & numerical data, Humans, Incidence, Male, Probability, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sex Distribution, Wounds and Injuries, epidemiology |
| Survival in end-stage dementia following acute illness. | Morrison RS, Siu AL | JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association | 2000 |
Acute Disease, Advance Directives, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition, Cost of Illness, Dementia, complications, Female, Hip Fractures, complications, Hospitalization, Humans, Male, Palliative Care, Patient Care, Pneumonia, complications, Prognosis, Proportional Hazards Models, Prospective Studies, Survival Analysis |
| Delirium in terminal cancer: a prospective study using daily screening, early diagnosis, and continuous monitoring. | Gagnon P, Allard P, Mâsse B, DeSerres M | Journal of pain and symptom management | 2000 |
Aged, Canada, Critical Illness, psychology, Delirium, epidemiology, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Neoplasms, psychology, Prospective Studies |
| Impact of delirium on the short term prognosis of advanced cancer patients. Italian Multicenter Study Group on Palliative Care. | Caraceni A, Nanni O, Maltoni M, Piva L, Indelli M, Arnoldi E, Monti M, Montanari L, Amadori D, De Conno F | Cancer | 2000 |
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Delirium, etiology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Neoplasms, diagnosis, Palliative Care, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Survival Analysis |
| Outcomes associated with delirium in acutely hospitalized acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients. | Uldall KK, Harris VL, Lalonde B | Comprehensive psychiatry | 2000 |
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, complications, Adult, Delirium, etiology, Female, HIV Infections, complications, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, United States, epidemiology |
| Association between delirium and death in AIDS patients. | Uldall KK, Ryan R, Berghuis JP, Harris VL | AIDS patient care and STDs | 2000 |
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, complications, Adult, Delirium, complications, Female, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Medical Records, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Survival Analysis, Washington, epidemiology |
| Temporal association between hospitalization and rate of falls after discharge. | Mahoney JE, Palta M, Johnson J, Jalaluddin M, Gray S, Park S, Sager M | Archives of internal medicine | 2000 |
Accidental Falls, statistics & numerical data, Activities of Daily Living, classification, Acute Disease, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Geriatric Assessment, statistics & numerical data, Hospitalization, statistics & numerical data, Humans, Male, Patient Discharge, statistics & numerical data, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Wisconsin, epidemiology, Wounds and Injuries, epidemiology |
| Consequences of not recognizing delirium superimposed on dementia in hospitalized elderly individuals. | Fick D, Foreman M | Journal of gerontological nursing | 2000 |
Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Comorbidity, Delirium, complications, Dementia, complications, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Geriatric Nursing, methods, Hospitalization, Humans, Incidence, Male, Mental Status Schedule, Nursing Assessment, methods, Prevalence |
| The impact of delirium in the intensive care unit on hospital length of stay. | Ely EW, Gautam S, Margolin R, Francis J, May L, Speroff T, Truman B, Dittus R, Bernard R, Inouye SK | Intensive care medicine | 2001 |
Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Length of Stay, Linear Models, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Survival Rate, Treatment Outcome |
| What does the medical record reveal about functional status? A comparison of medical record and interview data. | Bogardus ST, Towle V, Williams CS, Desai MM, Inouye SK | Journal of general internal medicine | 2001 |
Academic Medical Centers, Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Health Status, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, Medical Records, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Predictive Value of Tests, Sensitivity and Specificity |
| An algorithm for prospective individual matching in a non-randomized clinical trial. | Charpentier PA, Bogardus ST, Inouye SK | Journal of clinical epidemiology | 2001 |
Aged, Algorithms, Clinical Trials as Topic, Delirium, prevention & control, Female, Humans, Male, Risk Factors, Selection Bias |
| Dementia and race: are there differences between African Americans and Caucasians? | Froehlich TE, Bogardus ST, Inouye SK | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2001 |
African Continental Ancestry Group, Alzheimer Disease, epidemiology, Dementia, epidemiology, Dementia, Vascular, epidemiology, European Continental Ancestry Group, Humans, Prevalence, United States, epidemiology |
| Risk adjustment for older hospitalized persons: a comparison of two methods of data collection for the Charlson index. | van Doorn C, Bogardus ST, Williams CS, Concato J, Towle VR, Inouye SK | Journal of clinical epidemiology | 2001 |
Aged, Comorbidity, Data Collection, methods, Female, Hospitalization, statistics & numerical data, Humans, Male, Mortality, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Risk Adjustment |
| Cognitive and other adverse effects of diphenhydramine use in hospitalized older patients. | Agostini JV, Leo-Summers LS, Inouye SK | Archives of internal medicine | 2001 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cohort Studies, Connecticut, Delirium, chemically induced, Diphenhydramine, adverse effects, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Hospitalization, Hospitals, University, Humans, Male, Mental Status Schedule, Prospective Studies, Risk |
| Acute confusional state in elderly orthopaedic patients: factors of importance for detection in nursing care. | Andersson EM, Gustafson L, Hallberg IR | International journal of geriatric psychiatry | 2001 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Confusion, etiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Health Status, Hip Fractures, complications, Humans, Male, Nursing Homes, Postoperative Complications, Prognosis, Risk Factors |
| An evidence-based clinical approach to the diagnosis of dementia. | Chong MS, Sahadevan S | Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore | 2003 |
Alzheimer Disease, diagnosis, Brain, pathology, Caregivers, Delirium, diagnosis, Dementia, diagnosis, Dementia, Vascular, diagnosis, Evidence-Based Medicine, Health Status Indicators, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neuropsychological Tests, Tomography, X-Ray Computed |
| The prognostic significance of subsyndromal delirium in elderly medical inpatients. | Cole M, McCusker J, Dendukuri N, Han L | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cohort Studies, Cost of Illness, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Health Status, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Prognosis |
| An empirical study of different diagnostic criteria for delirium among elderly medical inpatients. | Cole MG, Dendukuri N, McCusker J, Han L | The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Confusion, epidemiology, Delirium, diagnosis, Dementia, diagnosis, Diagnosis, Differential, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Empirical Research, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Humans, Inpatients, International Classification of Diseases, standards, Male, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, standards, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, statistics & numerical data, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity |
| Delirium in the course of cancer treatment. | Fann JR, Sullivan AK | Seminars in clinical neuropsychiatry | 2003 |
Analgesics, Opioid, adverse effects, Delirium, diagnosis, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, adverse effects, Humans, Immunotherapy, adverse effects, Neoplasms, complications, Pain, drug therapy, Risk Factors, Terminal Care |
| A model for managing delirious older inpatients. | Flaherty JH, Tariq SH, Raghavan S, Bakshi S, Moinuddin A, Morley JE | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Delirium, economics, Geriatric Nursing, economics, Health Facility Environment, economics, Hospital Units, economics, Humans, Intensive Care, economics, Mental Health Services, economics, Models, Nursing, Models, Organizational, Program Development, economics |
| Donepezil for postoperative delirium. | Gleason OC | Psychosomatics | 2003 |
Aged, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Hip Fractures, surgery, Humans, Indans, therapeutic use, Mental Status Schedule, Nootropic Agents, therapeutic use, Piperidines, therapeutic use, Postoperative Complications, diagnosis, Treatment Outcome |
| Cognitive impairment in hip fracture patients: timing of detection and longitudinal follow-up. | Gruber-Baldini AL, Zimmerman S, Morrison RS, Grattan LM, Hebel JR, Dolan MM, Hawkes W, Magaziner J | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2003 |
Activities of Daily Living, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition Disorders, complications, Cohort Studies, Delirium, complications, Dementia, complications, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Hip Fractures, complications, Hospitalization, Humans, Incidence, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Prevalence, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Regression Analysis, Sex Factors, Time Factors |
| Delirium in older emergency department patients discharged home: effect on survival. | Kakuma R, du Fort GG, Arsenault L, Perrault A, Platt RW, Monette J, Moride Y, Wolfson C | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Comorbidity, Delirium, complications, Emergency Service, Hospital, statistics & numerical data, Female, Humans, Male, Mortality, Patient Discharge, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Quebec |
| Delirium among newly admitted postacute facility patients: prevalence, symptoms, and severity. | Kiely DK, Bergmann MA, Murphy KM, Jones RN, Orav EJ, Marcantonio ER | The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Boston, epidemiology, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Skilled Nursing Facilities |
| Delirium in the critical care patient: what the professional staff needs to know. | Litton KA | Critical care nursing quarterly | 2003 |
Aged, Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium, etiology, Anxiety, etiology, Comorbidity, Confusion, etiology, Critical Care, Delirium, diagnosis, Education, Continuing, Humans, Nurse’s Role, Nursing Assessment, Psychotic Disorders, etiology, Risk Factors |
| Dementia after delirium in patients with femoral neck fractures. | Lundström M, Edlund A, Bucht G, Karlsson S, Gustafson Y | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Delirium, complications, Dementia, etiology, Female, Femoral Neck Fractures, complications, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Postoperative Period, Preoperative Care, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Risk Assessment, Time Factors |
| Delirium symptoms in post-acute care: prevalent, persistent, and associated with poor functional recovery. | Marcantonio ER, Simon SE, Bergmann MA, Jones RN, Murphy KM, Morris JN | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2003 |
Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Delirium, complications, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Recovery of Function, Skilled Nursing Facilities, United States, epidemiology |
| Delirium in the intensive care unit. | Marshall MC, Soucy MD | Critical care nursing quarterly | 2003 |
Aged, Anxiety, complications, Confusion, complications, Delirium, etiology, Dementia, complications, Humans, Intensive Care, Intensive Care Units, Mental Disorders, complications, Nursing Assessment, Psychomotor Agitation, complications, Risk Factors |
| Detecting acute confusion in older adults: Comparing clinical reasoning of nurses working in acute, long-term, and community health care environments. | McCarthy MC | Research in nursing & health | 2003 |
Acute Disease, Aged, Clinical Competence, Confusion, diagnosis, Delirium, diagnosis, Dementia, diagnosis, Diagnosis, Differential, Health Facility Environment, Home Care Services, Homes for the Aged, Hospitals, Humans, Nursing Assessment, Nursing Homes, Ohio, Qualitative Research |
| Delirium: elders tell their stories and guide nursing practice. | McCurren C, Cronin SN | Medsurg nursing : official journal of the Academy of Medical-Surgical Nurses | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Delirium, nursing, Female, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Nursing Assessment, Philosophy, Nursing, Questionnaires |
| Does delirium increase hospital stay? | McCusker J, Cole MG, Dendukuri N, Belzile E | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cohort Studies, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Humans, Length of Stay, statistics & numerical data, Linear Models, Male, Prospective Studies, Quebec, epidemiology, Severity of Illness Index |
| Delirium, depression, and anxiety. | Misra S, Ganzini L | Critical care clinics | 2003 |
Anxiety, diagnosis, Causality, Delirium, diagnosis, Depression, diagnosis, Humans, Incidence, Intensive Care, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Treatment Outcome |
| Impaired communication capacity and agitated delirium in the final week of terminally ill cancer patients: prevalence and identification of research focus. | Morita T, Tei Y, Inoue S | Journal of pain and symptom management | 2003 |
Aged, Communication, Critical Illness, psychology, Delirium, epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Research, Retrospective Studies |
| Relationship between pain and opioid analgesics on the development of delirium following hip fracture. | Morrison RS, Magaziner J, Gilbert M, Koval KJ, McLaughlin MA, Orosz G, Strauss E, Siu AL | The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analgesics, Opioid, administration & dosage, Cohort Studies, Confidence Intervals, Delirium, epidemiology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Hip Fractures, diagnosis, Humans, Incidence, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Multivariate Analysis, New York City, Pain, diagnosis, Pain Measurement, Postoperative Period, Preoperative Care, Probability, Prospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Severity of Illness Index |
| Identification and management of delirium in the critically ill patient with cancer. | Morrison C | AACN clinical issues | 2003 |
Anti-Anxiety Agents, therapeutic use, Antipsychotic Agents, therapeutic use, Benzodiazepines, Delirium, diagnosis, Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Mental Disorders, diagnosis, Neoplasms, complications, Risk Factors, Terminology as Topic |
| Delirium, depression often overlooked. | Naylor M | The American journal of nursing | 2003 |
Aged, Delirium, complications, Dementia, complications, Depression, complications, Hospitalization, Humans, Pilot Projects, United States |
| Donepezil for anticholinergic drug intoxication: a case report. | Noyan MA, Elbi H, Aksu H | Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry | 2003 |
Amitriptyline, adverse effects, Cholinergic Antagonists, adverse effects, Delirium, chemically induced, Drug Overdose, Humans, Indans, therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Piperidines, therapeutic use |
| A patient with lithium intoxication developing at therapeutic serum lithium levels and persistent delirium after discontinuation of its administration. | Omata N, Murata T, Omori M, Wada Y | General hospital psychiatry | 2003 |
Antipsychotic Agents, adverse effects, Delirium, drug therapy, Drug Administration Schedule, Humans, Lithium Carbonate, adverse effects, Male, Middle Aged, Time Factors |
| Excited delirium: does it exist? | Paquette M | Perspectives in psychiatric care | 2003 |
Death, Sudden, Delirium, complications, Humans, Police, Psychomotor Agitation, complications, Restraint, Physical, Violence, prevention & control |
| A prospective, open-label, flexible-dose study of quetiapine in the treatment of delirium. | Sasaki Y, Matsuyama T, Inoue S, Sunami T, Inoue T, Denda K, Koyama T | The Journal of clinical psychiatry | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antipsychotic Agents, adverse effects, Delirium, drug therapy, Dibenzothiazepines, adverse effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Treatment Outcome |
| The Delirium Observation Screening Scale: a screening instrument for delirium. | Schuurmans MJ, Shortridge-Baggett LM, Duursma SA | Research and theory for nursing practice | 2003 |
Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Case-Control Studies, Delirium, diagnosis, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, methods, Mental Status Schedule, Nursing Assessment, methods, Nursing Evaluation Research, Observation, methods, Prospective Studies, Psychometrics, Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Sensitivity and Specificity |
| Delirium in adults with intellectual disabilities and DC-LD. | Simpson N | Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Delirium, complications, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Female, Humans, Intellectual Disability, complications, Male |
| Do guidelines improve the process and outcomes of care in delirium? | Young LJ, George J | Age and ageing | 2003 |
Aged, Delirium, diagnosis, Education, Medical, Continuing, Education, Nursing, Continuing, England, Geriatric Assessment, Geriatrics, education, Hospitals, General, standards, Humans, Mental Status Schedule, Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care), Patient Care Planning, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Scotland |
| Association between cardiac and noncardiac complications in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: outcomes and effects on length of stay. | Fleischmann KE, Goldman L, Young B, Lee TH | The American journal of medicine | 2003 |
Aged, Female, Heart Diseases, epidemiology, Humans, Length of Stay, statistics & numerical data, Linear Models, Logistic Models, Male, Myocardial Infarction, epidemiology, Odds Ratio, Postoperative Complications, classification, Prospective Studies, Pulmonary Edema, epidemiology, Risk Factors |
| Risk for acute confusion in sensory-impaired, rural, long-term-care elders. | Cacchione PZ, Culp K, Dyck MJ, Laing J | Clinical nursing research | 2003 |
Acute Disease, Aged, psychology, Aged, 80 and over, Confusion, epidemiology, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Hearing Disorders, complications, Homes for the Aged, Humans, Iowa, epidemiology, Long-Term Care, psychology, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Mass Screening, Nursing Homes, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Rural Population, Vision Disorders, complications |
| Mortality and morbidity in nonagenarian patients following hip fracture surgery. | Formiga F, Lopez-Soto A, Sacanella E, Coscojuela A, Suso S, Pujol R | Gerontology | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Femoral Neck Fractures, mortality, Follow-Up Studies, Frail Elderly, Humans, Male, Pain, Postoperative, Prospective Studies, Walking, physiology |
| The last forty-eight hours of life in a Portuguese palliative care unit: does it differ from elsewhere? | Gonçalves JF, Alvarenga M, Silva A | Journal of palliative medicine | 2003 |
Drug Utilization Review, Female, Humans, Male, Medical Audit, Neoplasms, nursing, Palliative Care, standards, Portugal, Prospective Studies, Terminal Care, standards |
| Systemic infection, interleukin 1beta, and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. | Holmes C, El-Okl M, Williams AL, Cunningham C, Wilcockson D, Perry VH | Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry | 2003 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, etiology, Central Nervous System Bacterial Infections, complications, Cognition Disorders, diagnosis, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Interleukin-1, blood, Male, Neuropsychological Tests |
| Postoperative confusion in schizophrenic patients is affected by interleukin-6. | Kudoh A, Takase H, Takahira Y, Katagai H, Takazawa T | Journal of clinical anesthesia | 2003 |
Abdomen, surgery, Adult, Aged, Analgesia, Epidural, Anesthesia, Epidural, Anesthesia, General, Confusion, blood, Humans, Hydrocortisone, blood, Interleukin-6, blood, Middle Aged, Postoperative Complications, blood, Schizophrenia, blood |
| Treating depression in Alzheimer disease: efficacy and safety of sertraline therapy, and the benefits of depression reduction: the DIADS. | Lyketsos CG, DelCampo L, Steinberg M, Miles Q, Steele CD, Munro C, Baker AS, Sheppard JM, Frangakis C, Brandt J, Rabins PV | Archives of general psychiatry | 2003 |
Activities of Daily Living, psychology, Aged, Alzheimer Disease, drug therapy, Ambulatory Care, Caregivers, psychology, Cognition Disorders, diagnosis, Comorbidity, Depressive Disorder, drug therapy, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Humans, Male, Mental Disorders, diagnosis, Neuropsychological Tests, Placebos, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors, therapeutic use, Sertraline, therapeutic use, Single-Blind Method, Treatment Outcome |
| Six-month neuropsychological outcome of medical intensive care unit patients. | Jackson JC, Hart RP, Gordon SM, Shintani A, Truman B, May L, Ely EW | Critical care medicine | 2003 |
APACHE, Cognition Disorders, diagnosis, Depression, diagnosis, Female, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Length of Stay, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Prospective Studies, Quality of Life, Respiration, Artificial, adverse effects |
| Clinical practice guidelines for the sustained use of sedatives and analgesics in the critically ill adult. | Jacobi J, Fraser GL, Coursin DB, Riker RR, Fontaine D, Wittbrodt ET, Chalfin DB, Masica MF, Bjerke HS, Coplin WM, Crippen DW, Fuchs BD, Kelleher RM, Marik PE, Nasraway SA, Murray MJ, Peruzzi WT, Lumb PD, | Critical care medicine | 2002 |
Adult, Analgesia, standards, Analgesics, administration & dosage, Conscious Sedation, standards, Critical Care, standards, Delirium, Humans, Hypnotics and Sedatives, administration & dosage, Pain Measurement, standards, Sleep, drug effects |
| Exposure to opioid analgesia in cognitively impaired and delirious elderly hip fracture patients. | Adunsky A, Levy R, Mizrahi E, Arad M | Archives of gerontology and geriatrics | 2002 | |
| Meperidine analgesia and delirium in aged hip fracture patients. | Adunsky A, Levy R, Heim M, Mizrahi E, Arad M | Archives of gerontology and geriatrics | 2002 | |
| Development and validation of a risk-adjustment index for older patients: the high-risk diagnoses for the elderly scale. | Desai MM, Bogardus ST, Williams CS, Vitagliano G, Inouye SK | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2002 |
Aged, Female, Geriatrics, Health Status Indicators, Humans, Male, Prospective Studies, Risk Adjustment |
| Evaluation of a guided protocol for quality improvement in identifying common geriatric problems. | Bogardus ST, Richardson E, Maciejewski PK, Gahbauer E, Inouye SK | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2002 |
Aged, Case-Control Studies, Clinical Protocols, Cohort Studies, Connecticut, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Hospitals, University, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, methods, Outpatient Clinics, Hospital, standards, Primary Health Care, Quality Assurance, Health Care |
| A review of physical restraint minimization in the acute and residential care settings. | Evans D, Wood J, Lambert L | Journal of advanced nursing | 2002 |
Accidental Falls, prevention & control, Acute Disease, Aged, Critical Care, methods, Education, Nursing, Continuing, Geriatric Nursing, methods, Health Services Research, Humans, Program Evaluation, Residential Facilities, organization & administration, Restraint, Physical, utilization |
| Delirium superimposed on dementia: a systematic review. | Fick DM, Agostini JV, Inouye SK | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | 2002 |
Delirium, complications, Dementia, complications, Hospitalization, Humans, Prevalence, Prognosis, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Research, Risk Factors |
| Iatrogenic causes of falls in hospitalised elderly patients: a case-control study. | Frels C, Williams P, Narayanan S, Gariballa SE | Postgraduate medical journal | 2002 |
Accidental Falls, prevention & control, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Anxiety Agents, adverse effects, Benzodiazepines, Case-Control Studies, England, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Hospitalization, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Odds Ratio, Risk Factors |
| Designing adverse event prevention programs using quality management methods: the case of falls in hospital. | Grenier-Sennelier C, Lombard I, Jeny-Loeper C, Maillet-Gouret MC, Minvielle E | International journal for quality in health care : journal of the International Society for Quality in Health Care / ISQua | 2002 |
Accidental Falls, prevention & control, Aged, Female, France, Health Services Research, Humans, Male, Program Development, Rehabilitation Centers, organization & administration, Risk Management, methods, Total Quality Management, methods |
| A novel approach to the prevention of postoperative delirium in the elderly after gastrointestinal surgery. | Aizawa K, Kanai T, Saikawa Y, Takabayashi T, Kawano Y, Miyazawa N, Yamamoto T | Surgery today | 2002 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analgesics, Opioid, administration & dosage, Anti-Anxiety Agents, administration & dosage, Delirium, etiology, Diazepam, administration & dosage, Digestive System Surgical Procedures, adverse effects, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Flunitrazepam, administration & dosage, Gastrointestinal Neoplasms, surgery, Humans, Infusions, Intravenous, Injections, Intramuscular, Male, Meperidine, administration & dosage, Postoperative Complications, prevention & control, Premedication, Prospective Studies |
| An open trial of olanzapine for the treatment of delirium in hospitalized cancer patients. | Breitbart W, Tremblay A, Gibson C | Psychosomatics | 2002 |
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analysis of Variance, Antipsychotic Agents, therapeutic use, Benzodiazepines, Chi-Square Distribution, Delirium, drug therapy, Female, Humans, Inpatients, psychology, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, complications, Pirenzepine, analogs & derivatives, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index |
| Delirium and psychotic symptoms--an integrative model. | Charlton BG, Kavanau JL | Medical hypotheses | 2002 |
Consciousness Disorders, Delirium, physiopathology, Electroconvulsive Therapy, Electroencephalography, Humans, Models, Psychological, Psychotic Disorders, physiopathology |
| Systematic detection and multidisciplinary care of delirium in older medical inpatients: a randomized trial. | Cole MG, McCusker J, Bellavance F, Primeau FJ, Bailey RF, Bonnycastle MJ, Laplante J | CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne | 2002 |
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Delirium, nursing, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Humans, Male, Patient Care Planning, Patient Care Team, Proportional Hazards Models, Quebec |
| Delirium after coronary bypass surgery evaluated by the organic brain syndrome protocol. | Eriksson M, Samuelsson E, Gustafson Y, Aberg T, Engström KG | Scandinavian cardiovascular journal : SCJ | 2002 |
Aged, Clinical Protocols, Coronary Artery Bypass, adverse effects, Coronary Disease, complications, Delirium, complications, Delirium, Dementia, Amnestic, Cognitive Disorders, complications, Female, Hallucinations, complications, Humans, Intensive Care, Length of Stay, Male, Postoperative Complications, diagnosis, Treatment Outcome |
| Delirium in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. | Fann JR, Roth-Roemer S, Burington BE, Katon WJ, Syrjala KL | Cancer | 2002 |
Adult, Delirium, epidemiology, Female, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, adverse effects, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors |
| Delirium in acute stroke. | Ferro JM, Caeiro L, Verdelho A | Current opinion in neurology | 2002 |
Acute Disease, Delirium, epidemiology, Humans, Risk Factors, Stroke, epidemiology |