What is the Delirium Bibliography? The searchable Delirium Bibliography page is one of our most popular features, allowing you to quickly gain access to the literature on delirium and acute care of older persons. It is primarily intended for clinicians and researchers interested in exploring these topics. The NIDUS team keeps it updated for you on a monthly basis!
How to Search for Articles: Search by author, title, year, and/or keywords. Each article is indexed by keywords taken from MEDLINE and other relevant databases. Click on the title of the article to read the abstract, journal, etc.
Reference Information
- Title
- Withdrawal versus continuation of long-term antipsychotic drug use for behavioural and psychological symptoms in older people with dementia.
- Authors
- Van Leeuwen, E. Petrovic, M. van Driel, M. L. De Sutter, A. I. M. Vander Stichele, R. Declercq, T. Christiaens, T.
- Year
- 2018
- Journal
- Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
- Abstract
Background: Antipsychotic agents are often used to treat neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in people with dementia although there is uncertainty about the effectiveness of their long-term use for this indication and concern that they may cause harm, including higher mortality. When behavioural strategies have failed and treatment with antipsychotic drugs is instituted, regular attempts to withdraw them have been recommended in guidelines. Physicians, nurses and families of older people with dementia may be reluctant to stop antipsychotics, fearing deterioration of NPS. This is an update of a Cochrane Review published in 2013. Objectives: To evaluate whether withdrawal of antipsychotic agents is successful in older people with dementia and NPS in primary care or nursing home settings, to list the different strategies for withdrawal of antipsychotic agents in older participants with dementia and NPS, and to measure the effects of withdrawal of antipsychotic agents on participants’ behaviour and assess safety. Search methods: We searched the Specialized Register of the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group (ALOIS), theCochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, LILACS, clinical trials registries and grey literature sources up to 11 January 2018. Selection criteria: We included all randomised, controlled trials comparing an antipsychotic withdrawal strategy to continuation of antipsychotics in people with dementia who had been treated with an antipsychotic drug for at least three months. Data collection and analysis: We used standard methodological procedures according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. We rated the quality of evidence for each outcome using the GRADE approach. Main results: We included 10 studies involving 632 participants. One new trial (19 participants) was added for this update. One trial was conducted in a community setting, eight in nursing homes and one in both settings. Different types of antipsychotics at varying doses were discontinued in the studies. Both abrupt and gradual withdrawal schedules were used. Reported data were predominantly from studies at low or unclear risk of bias. We included nine trials with 575 randomised participants that used a proxy outcome for overall success of antipsychotic withdrawal. Pooling data was not possible due to heterogeneity of outcome measures used. Based on assessment of seven studies, discontinuation may make little or no difference to whether or not participants complete the study (low-quality evidence). Two trials included only participants with psychosis, agitation or aggression who had responded to antipsychotic treatment. In these two trials, stopping antipsychotics was associated with a higher risk of leaving the study early due to symptomatic relapse or a shorter time to symptomatic relapse. We found low-quality evidence that discontinuation may make little or no difference to overall NPS, measured using various scales (7 trials, 519 participants). There was some evidence from subgroup analyses in two trials that discontinuation may reduce agitation for participants with less severe NPS at baseline, but may be associated with a worsening of NPS in participants with more severe NPS at baseline. None of the studies assessed withdrawal symptoms. Adverse effects of antipsychotics (such as falls) were not systematically assessed. Low-quality evidence showed that discontinuation may have little or no effect on adverse events (5 trials, 381 participants), quality of life (2 trials, 119 participants), or cognitive function (5 trials, 365 participants). There were insufficient data to determine whether discontinuation of antipsychotics has any effect on mortality (very low-quality evidence). Authors’ conclusions: There is low-quality evidence that antipsychotics may be successfully discontinued in older people with dementia and NPS who have been taking antipsychotics for at least three months, and that discontinuation may have little or no important effect on behavioural and psychological symptoms. This i consistent with the observation that most behavioural complications of dementia are intermittent and often do not persist for longer than three months. Discontinuation may have little or no effect on overall cognitive function. Discontinuation may make no difference to adverse events and quality of life. Based on the trials in this review, we are uncertain whether discontinuation of antipsychotics leads to a decrease in mortality. People with psychosis, aggression or agitation who responded well to long-term antipsychotic drug use, or those with more severe NPS at baseline, may benefit behaviourally from continuation of antipsychotics. Discontinuation may reduce agitation for people with mild NPS at baseline. However, these conclusions are based on few studies or small subgroups and further evidence of benefits and harms associated with withdrawal of antipsychotic is required in people with dementia and mild and severe NPS. The overall conclusions of the review have not changed since 2013 and the number of available trials remains low.
- PMID
- Keywords
chlorpromazine
haloperidol
levomepromazine
lorazepam
loxapine
mesoridazine
neuroleptic agent
olanzapine
perphenazine
placebo
risperidone
thioridazine
tiotixene
trifluoperazine
aggression
agitation
akathisia
behavior disorder
blood pressure
body equilibrium
cardiovascular disease
cognition
confusion
dementia
drug fatality
drug megadose
drug response
drug safety
drug withdrawal
extrapyramidal symptom
falling
fracture
heart rate
human
insomnia
long term care
low drug dose
lung disease
mental disease
motor dysfunction
nausea
neurologic disease
nursing home
parkinsonism
physical mobility
primary medical care
priority journal
psychosis
quality of life
relapse
restlessness
review
sedation
side effect
systematic review
tardive dyskinesia
treatment outcome
vomiting
- Page(s)
- Volume
- Issue
- 3
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Keywords |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case-control study on the interplay between immunoparalysis and delirium after cardiac surgery | CheheiliSobbi, S. Peters van Ton, A. M. Wesselink, E. M. Looije, M. F. Gerretsen, J. Morshuis, W. J. Slooter, A. J. C. Abdo, W. F. Pickkers, P. van den Boogaard, M. | J Cardiothorac Surg | 2021 |
*Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects |
| Diagnostic accuracy of the "4 A's Test" delirium screening tool for the postoperative cardiac surgery ward | Chang, Y. Ragheb, S. M. Oravec, N. Kent, D. Nugent, K. Cornick, A. Hiebert, B. Rudolph, J. L. MacLullich, A. M. J. Arora, R. C. | J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg | 2021 |
4at |
| Meta-analysis of ICU Delirium Biomarkers and Their Alignment With the NIA-AA Research Framework | Chan, C. K. Song, Y. Greene, R. Lindroth, H. Khan, S. Rios, G. Khan, B. Wang, S | Am J Crit Care | 2021 |
Alzheimer Disease |
| Sedation strategy and ICU delirium: a multicentre, population-based propensity score-matched cohort study | Casault, C. Soo, A. Lee, C. H. Couillard, P. Niven, D. Stelfox, T. Fiest, K. | BMJ Open | 2021 |
Adult |
| Health outcomes after the implementation of multidisciplinary clinical guidelines for the care of hip fractures | Casanova Querol, T. Santiago Bautista, J. M. Lafuente Salinas, M. Güell Farré, E. Girós Torres, J. Martín-Baranera, M. Miralles Basseda, R. | Rev Clin Esp (Barc) | 2021 |
Atención continuada |
| Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to prevent delirium in critically ill patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis | Burry, L. D. Cheng, W. Williamson, D. R. Adhikari, N. K. Egerod, I. Kanji, S. Martin, C. M. Hutton, B. Rose, L. | Intensive Care Med | 2021 |
Adult |
| Dexmedetomidine for Facilitating Mechanical Ventilation Extubation in Difficult-to-Wean ICU Patients: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials | Buckley, M. S. Smithburger, P. L. Wong, A. Fraser, G. L. Reade, M. C. Klein-Fedyshin, M. Ardiles, T. Kane-Gill, S. L. | J Intensive Care Med | 2021 |
Adult |
| Risk factors for postoperative delirium: An umbrella review of systematic reviews | Bramley, P. McArthur, K. Blayney, A. McCullagh, I. | Int J Surg | 2021 |
*Cognitive Dysfunction |
| Inadequate emergence after anesthesia for elective cancer surgery: a single-center cohort study | Braga, A. Abelha, F. | Braz J Anesthesiol | 2021 |
Cancer surgeries |
| Asthma and delirium episodes during hospitalization | Bozek, A. Fiolka, R. Zajac, M. | Aging Med (Milton) | 2021 |
asthma |
| A pragmatic assessment of proton pump inhibitors vs. histamine type 2 receptor antagonists on clinically important gastrointestinal bleeding and mortality when used for stress ulcer prophylaxis in the ICU | Boyd, C. Hassig, T. MacLaren, R. | Pharmacotherapy | 2021 |
critical illness |
| Brain Network Dysfunction in Poststroke Delirium and Spatial Neglect: An fMRI Study | Boukrina, O. Kowalczyk, M. Koush, Y. Kong, Y. Barrett, A. M. | Stroke | 2021 |
MRI, functional |
| Preventing Delirium and Promoting Long-Term Brain Health: A Clinical Trial Design for the Perioperative Cognitive Enhancement (PROTECT) Trial | Atkins, K. J. Scott, D. A. Silbert, B. Pike, K. E. Evered, L. | J Alzheimers Dis | 2021 |
Anesthesia and analgesia |
| Prevalence of Severe Neurocognitive Impairment and Its Association with Socio-Demographics and Functionality Among Ugandan Older Persons: A Hospital-Based Study | Atim, L. M. Kaggwa, M. M. Mamun, M. A. Ashaba, S. Maling, S. | Clin Interv Aging | 2021 |
Aged |
| Clinical Aspects of Palliative Sedation in Prospective Studies. A Systematic Review | Arantzamendi, M. Belar, A. Payne, S. Rijpstra, M. Preston, N. Menten, J. Van der Elst, M. Radbruch, L. Hasselaar, J. Centeno, C. | J Pain Symptom Manage | 2021 |
*Hospice and Palliative Care Nursing |
| Psychometric Properties of Nursing Delirium Screening Scale in Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units | Amirajam, Z. Asadi-Noran, E. Molaei, B. Adiban, V. Heidarzadeh, M. Hassanpour-Darghah, M. | Indian J Crit Care Med | 2021 |
Delirium |
| Delirium researchers' perspectives of the challenges in delirium biomarker research: A qualitative study | Amgarth-Duff, I. Hosie, A. Caplan, G. A. Agar, M. | PLoS One | 2021 |
Biomarkers/blood |
| Addition of Valerian and Lemon Balm Extract to Quetiapine Reduces Agitation in Critically Ill Patients with Delirium: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial | Alikiaie, B. Shahmoradi, E. Yekdaneh, A. Mousavi, S. | Indian J Crit Care Med | 2021 |
Delirium |
| Spinal block and delirium in oncologic patients after laparoscopic surgery in the Trendelenburg position: A randomized controlled trial | Mitsunaga, J. K. Junior Calsavara, V. F. Onari, E. S. Arantes, V. M. Akamine, C. P. Handa, A. M. Quezada, M. M. C. Ito, F. Y. Porto, A. C. S. Giroud Joaquim, E. H. Nakamura, G. | PLoS One | 2021 | |
| Perioperative Vascular Biomarker Profiling in Elective Surgery Patients Developing Postoperative Delirium: A Prospective Cohort Study | Menzenbach, J. Frede, S. Petras, J. Guttenthaler, V. Kirfel, A. Neumann, C. Mayr, A. Wittmann, M. Coburn, M. Klaschik, S. Hilbert, T. | Biomedicines | 2021 |
Ccl2 |
| Preliminary Study of Serum Biomarkers Associated With Delirium After Major Cardiac Surgery | McKay, T. B. Rhee, J. Colon, K. Adelsberger, K. Turco, I. Mueller, A. Qu, J. Akeju, O. | J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth | 2021 |
Fgf |
| Stratified delirium risk using prescription medication data in a state-wide cohort | McCoy, T. H., Jr. Castro, V. M. Hart, K. L. Perlis, R. H. | Gen Hosp Psychiatry | 2021 |
Cohort study |
| Nutritional Risk at intensive care unit admission and outcomes in survivors of critical illness | Mart, M. F. Girard, T. D. Thompson, J. L. Whitten-Vile, H. Raman, R. Pandharipande, P. P. Heyland, D. K. Ely, E. W. Brummel, N. E. | Clin Nutr | 2021 |
Activities of daily living |
| Risk Factors for Delirium Are Different in the Very Old: A Comparative One-Year Prospective Cohort Study of 5,831 Patients | Marquetand, J. Bode, L. Fuchs, S. Hildenbrand, F. Ernst, J. von Kaenel, R. Boettger, S. | Front Psychiatry | 2021 |
comparison |
| Plasma interleukin-6 is a potential predictive biomarker for postoperative delirium among acute type a aortic dissection patients treated with open surgical repair | Lv, X. C. Lin, Y. Wu, Q. S. Wang, L. Hou, Y. T. Dong, Y. Chen, L. W. | J Cardiothorac Surg | 2021 |
Adult |
| Association of early and later depressive symptoms with functional outcome after ischemic stroke | Lopatkiewicz, A. M. Pera, J. Slowik, A. Dziedzic, T. | J Neural Transm (Vienna) | 2021 |
Cognitive decline |
| Development and validation of a postoperative delirium prediction model for pediatric patients: A prospective, observational, single-center study | Lin, N. Liu, K. Feng, J. Chen, R. Ying, Y. Lv, D. Zhou, Y. Xu, H. | Medicine (Baltimore) | 2021 |
Adolescent |
| Patients' experiences of delirium: A systematic review and meta-summary of qualitative research | Kuusisto-Gussmann, E. Höckelmann, C. von der Lühe, V. Schmädig, R. Baltes, M. Stephan, A. | J Adv Nurs | 2021 |
delirium |
| Effects of case-based confusion assessment methods for intensive care unit training on delirium knowledge and delirium assessment accuracy of intensive care units: A quasi-experimental study | Kim, Y. N. Kim, D. H. | Nurse Educ Today | 2021 |
Critical Illness |
| Bridging the Gap Between the Intensive Care Unit and the Acute Medical Care Unit | Kim, E. Kast, C. Afroz-Hossain, A. Qiu, M. Pappas, K. Sinvani, L. | Am J Crit Care | 2021 | |
| Preoperative MRI brain phenotypes are related to postoperative delirium in older individuals | Kant, I. M. J. Slooter, A. J. C. Jaarsma-Coes, M. van Montfort, S. J. T. Witkamp, T. D. Pasma, W. Hendrikse, J. de Bresser, J. | Neurobiol Aging | 2021 |
Brain phenotypes |
| Pre-Existing Psychiatric Illness Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Delirium in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome | Kalra, S. S. Jaber, J. Alzghoul, B. N. Hyde, R. Parikh, S. Urbine, D. Reddy, R. | J Intensive Care Med | 2021 |
Ards |
| Development and internal validation of a predictive model of cognitive decline 36 months following elective surgery | Jones, R. N. Tommet, D. Steingrimsson, J. Racine, A. M. Fong, T. G. Gou, Y. Hshieh, T. T. Metzger, E. D. Schmitt, E. M. Tabloski, P. A. Travison, T. G. Vasunilashorn, S. M. Abdeen, A. Earp, B. Kunze, L. Lange, J. Vlassakov, K. Dickerson, B. C. Marcantonio | Alzheimers Dement (Amst) | 2021 |
cognitive decline |
| The performance of the Dutch Safety Management System frailty tool to predict the risk of readmission or mortality in older hospitalised cardiac patients | Jepma, P. Verweij, L. Tijssen, A. Heymans, M. W. Flierman, I. Latour, C. H. M. Peters, R. J. G. Scholte Op Reimer, W. J. M. Buurman, B. M. Ter Riet, G. | BMC Geriatr | 2021 |
Aged |
| Outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement in patients with cognitive dysfunction | Jain, V. Kalra, A. Panhwar, M. S. Bansal, A. Nowacki, A. Bhatia, K. Gupta, T. Ineman, N. L. Khan, S. U. Krishnaswamy, A. Reed, G. W. Puri, R. Kapadia, S. R. Svensson, L. G. Kanaa, N. A. Lahorra, J. A. | J Am Geriatr Soc | 2021 |
cognitive impairment |
| The Importance of Delirium and Delirium Prevention in Older Adults During Lockdowns | Inouye, S. K. | JAMA | 2021 |
Aged |
| Association of Pain With Atrial Fibrillation and Delirium After Cardiac Surgery: A DECADE Sub-Study | Ince, I. Chiu, A. Sagir, A. Chahar, P. Lin, J. Douglas, A. Adi, A. Fang, J. Mao, G. Turan, A. | J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth | 2021 |
atrial fibrillation |
| Higher versus lower mean arterial pressure target management in older patients having non-cardiothoracic surgery: A prospective randomized controlled trial | Hu, A. M. Qiu, Y. Zhang, P. Zhao, R. Li, S. T. Zhang, Y. X. Zheng, Z. H. Hu, B. L. Yang, Y. L. Zhang, Z. J. | J Clin Anesth | 2021 |
Aged |
| Are Patients Taking Benzodiazepines at Increased Risk for Complications Following Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty? | Hernandez, N. M. Cunningham, D. J. Hinton, Z. W. Wu, C. J. Seyler, T. M. | J Arthroplasty | 2021 |
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects |
| Preoperative medication use and development of postoperative delirium and cognitive dysfunction | Heinrich, M. Nottbrock, A. Borchers, F. Mörgeli, R. Kruppa, J. Winterer, G. Slooter, A. J. C. Spies, C. | Clin Transl Sci | 2021 | |
| Radiological, Chemical, and Pharmacological Cholinergic System Parameters and Neurocognitive Disorders in Older Presurgical Adults | Heinrich, M. Müller, A. Lammers-Lietz, F. Borchers, F. Mörgeli, R. Kruppa, J. Zacharias, N. Winterer, G. Slooter, A. J. C. Spies, C. D. | J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci | 2021 |
Anticholinergic medication |
| Predictors and Sequelae of Postoperative Delirium in a Geriatric Patient Population With Hip Fracture | Haynes, M. S. Alder, K. D. Toombs, C. Amakiri, I. C. Rubin, L. E. Grauer, J. N | J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev | 2021 |
Postoperative Delirium Hip fracture Dementia Geriatric Preoperative dementia |
| Visual Analytics in Delirium Management | Hackl, W. O. Netzer, M. Nantschev, R. Schaller, M. Ammenwerth, E. | Stud Health Technol Inform | 2021 |
Aged |
| Characterizing Sleep Disruption and Delirium in Children After Cardiac Surgery: A Feasibility Study | Gregory, J. L. Brown, A. T. Kudchadkar, S. R. | Pediatr Crit Care Med | 2021 | |
| One-Year Medicare Costs Associated With Delirium in Older Patients Undergoing Major Elective Surgery | Gou, R. Y. Hshieh, T. T. Marcantonio, E. R. Cooper, Z. Jones, R. N. Travison, T. G. Fong, T. G. Abdeen, A. Lange, J. Earp, B. Schmitt, E. M. Leslie, D. L. Inouye, S. K. | JAMA Surg | 2021 | |
| Implementing Delirium Screening in an Intermediate Care Unit | Gaa, C. A. Akintade, B. F. | J Dr Nurs Pract | 2021 |
confusion assessment method |
| Malocclusion of Molar Teeth Is Associated with Activities of Daily Living Loss and Delirium in Elderly Critically Ill Older Patients | Fujinami, Y. Hifumi, T. Ono, Y. Saito, M. Okazaki, T. Shinohara, N. Akiyama, K. Kunikata, M. Inoue, S. Kotani, J. Kuroda, Y. | J Clin Med | 2021 |
ICU prognosis |
| Electroencephalography of mechanically ventilated patients at high risk of delirium | Eskioglou, E. Iaquaniello, C. Alvarez, V. Rüegg, S. Schindler, K. Rossetti, A. O. Oddo, M. | Acta Neurol Scand | 2021 |
Eeg |
| Risk Factors and Antipsychotic Usage Patterns Associated With Terminal Delirium in a Veteran Long-Term Care Hospice Population | Ellsworth, E. M. Bacigalupo, K. J. Palla, K. R. Limaye, S. S. Walkosz, M. J. Szczecinski, S. T. Suda, K. J. | Fed Pract | 2021 | |
| Does cognitive decline/dementia increase Delirium risk after stroke? | Ding, G. Hua, S. Chen, J. Yang, S. Xie, R. | Psychogeriatrics | 2021 |
Cognitive Dysfunction |
| Heterogeneity in design and analysis of ICU delirium randomized trials: a systematic review | Colantuoni, E. Koneru, M. Akhlaghi, N. Li, X. Hashem, M. D. Dinglas, V. D. Neufeld, K. J. Harhay, M. O. Needham, D. M. | Trials | 2021 |
Adult |
| The frequency and quality of delirium documentation in discharge summaries | Chuen, V. L. Chan, A. C. H. Ma, J. Alibhai, S. M. H. Chau, V. | BMC Geriatr | 2021 |
Delirium/diagnosis/epidemiology |
| Using data linkage for national surveillance of clinical quality indicators for dementia care among Australian aged care users | Cations, M. Lang, C. Ward, S. A. Caughey, G. E. Crotty, M. Whitehead, C. Ahern, S. Maddison, J. Inacio, M. C. | Sci Rep | 2021 | |
| Geriatric fracture centre vs usual care after proximal femur fracture in older patients: what are the benefits? Results of a large international prospective multicentre study | Blauth, M. Joeris, A. Rometsch, E. Espinoza-Rebmann, K. Wattanapanom, P. Jarayabhand, R. Poeze, M. Wong, M. K. Kwek, E. B. K. Hegeman, J. H. Perez-Uribarri, C. Guerado, E. Revak, T. J. Zohner, S. Joseph, D. Gosch, M. | BMJ Open | 2021 |
Aged |
| Effects of dexmedetomidine on neurocognitive disturbance after elective non-cardiac surgery in senile patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis | Bi, X. Wei, J. Zhang, X. | J Int Med Res | 2021 |
China |
| Non-pharmacological interventions for preventing delirium in hospitalised non-ICU patients (Review) | Burton JK, Craig LE, Yong SQ, Siddiqi N, Teale EA, Woodhouse R, Barugh AJ, Shepherd AM, Brunton A, Freeman SC, Sutton AJ, Quinn TJ | Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | 2021 | |
| Incidence and risk factors for postoperative delirium after liver transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis | Zhou, S. Deng, F. Zhang, J. Chen, G. | Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci | 2021 | |
| The perioperative application of continuous cerebral autoregulation monitoring for cerebral protection in elderly patients | Zhang, Y. Tan, J. Li, P. Zhang, X. Yang, Y. Liu, Y. Fu, Q. Cao, J. Mi, W. Zhang, H. Li, H. | Ann Palliat Med | 2021 |
Aged |
| Prospective Randomized Controlled Pilot Study of High-Intensity Lightbox Phototherapy to Prevent ICU-Acquired Delirium Incidence | Zhang, K. S. Pelleg, T. Hussain, S. Kollipara, V. Loschner, A. Foroozesh, M. B. Rubio, E. Biscardi, F. Ie, S. R. | Cureus | 2021 |
bright light therapy |
| Neurocognitive disorders in the elderly: altered functional resting-state hyperconnectivities in postoperative delirium patients | Winterer, J. M. Ofosu, K. Borchers, F. Hadzidiakos, D. Lammers-Lietz, F. Spies, C. Winterer, G. Zacharias, N. | Transl Psychiatry | 2021 |
Aged |
| Relationships between preoperative cortical thickness, postoperative electroencephalogram slowing, and postoperative delirium | White, M. F. Tanabe, S. Casey, C. Parker, M. Bo, A. Kunkel, D. Nair, V. Pearce, R. A. Lennertz, R. Prabhakaran, V. Lindroth, H. Sanders, R. D. | Br J Anaesth | 2021 |
cortical slowing |
| COVID-19 in adults with dementia: clinical features and risk factors of mortality-a clinical cohort study on 125 patients | Vrillon, A. Mhanna, E. Aveneau, C. Lebozec, M. Grosset, L. Nankam, D. Albuquerque, F. Razou Feroldi, R. Maakaroun, B. Pissareva, I. Cherni Gherissi, D. Azuar, J. François, V. Hourrègue, C. Dumurgier, J. Volpe-Gillot, L. Paquet, C. | Alzheimers Res Ther | 2021 |
Aged, 80 and over |
| Risk Factors for Delirium after Vascular Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis | Visser, L. Prent, A. Banning, L. B. D. van Leeuwen, B. L. Zeebregts, C. J. Pol, R. A. | Ann Vasc Surg | 2021 | |
| Etiologies of Delirium in Consecutive COVID-19 Inpatients and the Relationship Between Severity of Delirium and COVID-19 in a Prospective Study With Follow-Up | Velásquez-Tirado, J. D. Trzepacz, P. T. Franco, J. G. | J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci | 2021 |
Covid-19 |
| Increased Emergency Department Hallway Length of Stay is Associated with Development of Delirium | van Loveren, K. Singla, A. Sinvani, L. Calandrella, C. Perera, T. Brave, M. Becker, L. Li, T. | West J Emerg Med | 2021 |
Adolescent |
| Delirium in Children Undergoing Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Multi-Institutional Point Prevalence Study | Traube, C. Gerber, L. M. Mauer, E. A. Small, K. Broglie, L. Chopra, Y. R. Duncan, C. N. Ebens, C. L. Fitzgerald, J. C. Freedman, J. L. Hudspeth, M. P. Hurley, C. Mahadeo, K. M. McArthur, J. Shapiro, M. C. Sharron, M. P. Wall, D. A. Zinter, M. S. Greenwald | Front Oncol | 2021 |
cancer |
| Agreement Between the Mini-Cog in the Preoperative Clinic and on the Day of Surgery and Association With Postanesthesia Care Unit Delirium: A Cohort Study of Cognitive Screening in Older Adults | Tiwary, N. Treggiari, M. M. Yanez, N. D. Kirsch, J. R. Tekkali, P. Taylor, C. C. Schenning, K. J. | Anesth Analg | 2021 |
Aged |
| A qualitative analysis of clinicians' communication strategies with family members of patients experiencing hospital-acquired delirium | Taylor, G. B. Radhakrishnan, N. Fisher, C. L. Price, C. Tighe, P. Le, T. Bylund, C. L. | Geriatr Nurs | 2021 | |
| A scalable approach for developing clinical risk prediction applications in different hospitals | Sun, H. Depraetere, K. Meesseman, L. De Roo, J. Vanbiervliet, M. De Baerdemaeker, J. Muys, H. von Dossow, V. Hulde, N. Szymanowsky, R. | J Biomed Inform | 2021 |
Acute kidney injury |
| The Relative Impact of Specific Postoperative Complications on Older Patients Undergoing Hip Fracture Repair | Stahl, C. C. Funk, L. M. Schumacher, J. R. Zarzaur, B. L. Scarborough, J. E. | Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf | 2021 | |
| Brain MRI after critical care admission: A longitudinal imaging study | Sprung, J. Warner, D. O. Knopman, D. S. Petersen, R. C. Mielke, M. M. Jack, C. R., Jr. Martin, D. P. Hanson, A. C. Schroeder, D. R. Przybelski, S. A. Schulte, P. J. Laporta, M. L. Weingarten, T. N. Vemuri, P. | J Crit Care | 2021 |
AD-signature cortex |
| Effect of age on dexmedetomidine treatment for ventilated patients with sepsis: a post-hoc analysis of the DESIRE trial | Sato, T. Kawazoe, Y. Miyagawa, N. Yokokawa, Y. Kushimoto, S. Miyamoto, K. Ohta, Y. Morimoto, T. Yamamura, H. | Acute Med Surg | 2021 |
Delirium |
| Effects of comprehensive geriatric care models on postoperative outcomes in geriatric surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis | Saripella, A. Wasef, S. Nagappa, M. Riazi, S. Englesakis, M. Wong, J. Chung, F. | BMC Anesthesiol | 2021 |
Adverse outcomes |
| Influence of Age on Postoperative Neurological Outcomes after Surgery of Acute Type A Aortic Dissection | Salem, M. Salib, M. Friedrich, C. Salem, M. Puehler, T. Schoettler, J. Schoeneich, F. Cremer, J. Haneya, A. | J Clin Med | 2021 |
acute type A aortic dissection |
| Associations between caregiver-detected delirium and symptoms of depression and anxiety in family caregivers of critically ill patients: a cross-sectional study | Rosgen, B. K. Krewulak, K. D. Davidson, J. E. Ely, E. W. Stelfox, H. T. Fiest, K. M. | BMC Psychiatry | 2021 |
Adult |
| A Core Outcome Set for Research Evaluating Interventions to Prevent and/or Treat Delirium in Critically Ill Adults: An International Consensus Study (Del-COrS) | Rose, L. Burry, L. Agar, M. Campbell, N. L. Clarke, M. Lee, J. Marshall, J. C. Devlin, J. W. Blackwood, B. Needham, D. M. Siddiqi, N. Page, V. | Crit Care Med | 2021 | |
| Postoperative delirium is associated with decreased recovery of ambulation one-month after surgery | Robinson, T. N. Kovar, A. Carmichael, H. Overbey, D. M. Goode, C. M. Jones, T. S. | Am J Surg | 2021 |
Aged |
| Emergence delirium in children: a Brazilian survey | Quintão, V. C. Sales, C. K. O. Herrera, E. M. Ellerkmann, R. K. Rosen, H. D. Carmona, M. J. C. | Braz J Anesthesiol | 2021 |
Anesthesia |
| Perioperative dexmedetomidine administration to prevent delirium in adults after non-cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis | Qin, C. Jiang, Y. Lin, C. Li, A. Liu, J. | J Clin Anesth | 2021 |
Adult |
| Probable Delirium as a Risk Factor for Adverse Surgical Outcomes in Geriatric Patients With Acute Hip Fracture: Preoperative Assessment Using a Short Screening Tool | Perkins, J. L. Perera, S. Beach, M. Esper, S. A. Gruen, G. S. Neft, M. | AANA J | 2021 |
Adverse outcomes |
| Cognitive Stimulation in an Intensive Care Unit: A Qualitative Evaluation of Barriers to and Facilitators of Implementation | Parker, A. M. Aldabain, L. Akhlaghi, N. Glover, M. Yost, S. Velaetis, M. Lavezza, A. Mantheiy, E. Albert, K. Needham, D. M. | Crit Care Nurse | 2021 | |
| Does Delirium Phenomenology in Persons with Advanced Cancer Follow a Specific Pattern? | Pallotti, M. C. Lopez-Fidalgo, J. Centeno, C. Celin, D. Biasco, G. Giovannini, M. Maltoni, M. Noguera, A. | J Palliat Med | 2021 |
Mdas |
| Dexmedetomidine, Delirium, and Adverse Outcomes: Analysis of the STS Adult Cardiac Surgery Database | Pal, N. Abernathy, J. H., 3rd Taylor, M. A. Bollen, B. A. Shah, A. S. Feng, X. Shotwell, M. S. Kertai, M. D. | Ann Thorac Surg | 2021 |
cardiac surgery |
| Factors associated with delirium after cardiac surgery: A prospective cohort study | Ordóñez-Velasco, L. M. Hernández-Leiva, E. | Ann Card Anaesth | 2021 |
Body mass index |
| Baseline sleep as a predictor of delirium after surgical aortic valve replacement: A feasibility study | Oldham, M. A. Pigeon, W. R. Chapman, B. Yurcheshen, M. Knight, P. A. Lee, H. B. | Gen Hosp Psychiatry | 2021 |
Apnea/hypopnea index |
| What Does a Diagnosis of Depression Mean for Patients Undergoing Colorectal Surgery? | Oduyale, O. K. Eltahir, A. A. Stem, M. Prince, E. Zhang, G. Q. Safar, B. Efron, J. E. Atallah, C. | J Surg Res | 2021 |
Colorectal surgery |
| A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of intravenous thiamine for prevention of delirium following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation | Nakamura, Z. M. Deal, A. M. Park, E. M. Quillen, L. J. Chien, S. A. Stanton, K. E. McCabe, S. D. Heiling, H. M. Wood, W. A. Shea, T. C. Rosenstein, D. L. | J Psychosom Res | 2021 |
Cognitive impairment |
| The 4-DSD: A New Tool to Assess Delirium Superimposed on Moderate to Severe Dementia | Morandi, A. Grossi, E. Lucchi, E. Zambon, A. Faraci, B. Severgnini, J. MacLullich, A. Smith, H. Pandharipande, P. Rizzini, A. Galeazzi, M. Massariello, F. Corradi, S. Raccichini, A. Scrimieri, A. Morichi, V. Gentile, S. Lucchini, F. Pecorella, L. Mossello | J Am Med Dir Assoc | 2021 |
Delirium |
| Are dexmedetomidine and olanzapine suitable to control delirium in critically ill elderly patients? A retrospective cohort study | Liu, S. Zhao, R. Yang, R. Zhao, H. Ji, C. Duan, M. Liu, J. | Biomed Pharmacother | 2021 |
Critical illness |
| Association between glucose variability and postoperative delirium in acute aortic dissection patients: an observational study | Lin, Y. J. Lin, L. Y. Peng, Y. C. Zhang, H. R. Chen, L. W. Huang, X. Z. Chen, Q. | J Cardiothorac Surg | 2021 |
Acute Disease |
| Frailty is associated with a higher risk of developing delirium and cognitive impairment among patients with diabetic kidney disease: A longitudinal population-based cohort study | Lee, S. Y. Wang, J. Chao, C. T. Chien, K. L. Huang, J. W. | Diabet Med | 2021 |
chronic kidney disease |
| Multi-Component Care Bundle in Geriatric Fracture Hip for Reducing Post-Operative Delirium | Lam, D. M. H. Wang, C. Lee, A. K. H. Chung, Y. F. Lau, T. W. Fang, C. Leung, F. Chan, T. C. W. | Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil | 2021 |
delirium |
| Occurrence of Delirium during ECMO Therapy in a Critical Care Unit in Poland-A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study | Krupa, S. Friganovic, A. Mędrzycka-Dąbrowska, W. | Int J Environ Res Public Health | 2021 |
Critical Care |
| Steroids to reduce the impact on delirium (STRIDE): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled feasibility trial of pre-operative dexamethasone in people with hip fracture | Kluger, M. T. Skarin, M. Collier, J. Rice, D. A. McNair, P. J. Seow, M. Y. Connolly, M. J. | Anaesthesia | 2021 |
delirium |
| Elevated plasma levels of galectin-3 binding protein are associated with post-stroke delirium - A pilot study | Klimiec-Moskal, E. Pasinska, P. Kowalska, K. Klimkowicz-Mrowiec, A. Pera, J. Slowik, A. Dziedzic, T. | J Neuroimmunol | 2021 |
Delirium |
| Postoperative delirium after cardiac surgery of elderly patients as an independent risk factor for prolonged length of stay in intensive care unit and in hospital | Kirfel, A. Menzenbach, J. Guttenthaler, V. Feggeler, J. Mayr, A. Coburn, M. Wittmann, M. | Aging Clin Exp Res | 2021 |
Cardiac surgery |
| ED-DEL: Development of a change package and toolkit for delirium in the emergency department | Kennedy, M. Webb, M. Gartaganis, S. Hwang, U. Biese, K. Stuck, A. Lesser, A. Hshieh, T. Inouye, S. K. | J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open | 2021 |
aging |
| Elevated Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 as the Independent Risk Factor of Delirium after Cardiac Surgery. A Prospective Cohort Study | Kaźmierski, J. Miler, P. Pawlak, A. Jerczyńska, H. Woźniak, J. Frankowska, E. Brzezińska, A. Woźniak, K. Krejca, M. Wilczyński, M. | J Clin Med | 2021 |
cardiac surgery |
| Prevalence of and factors associated with physical restraint use in the intensive care unit: a multicenter prospective observational study in Japan | Kawai, Y. Hamamoto, M. Miura, A. Yamaguchi, M. Masuda, Y. Iwata, M. Kanbe, M. Ikematsu, Y. | Intern Emerg Med | 2021 |
Associated factors |
| Added value of anxiolytic benzodiazepines in predictive models on severe delirium in patients with acute decompensated heart failure: A retrospective analysis | Kawada, K. Fukuda, H. Kubo, T. Ohta, T. Ishida, T. Morisawa, S. Kawazoe, T. Okamoto, M. Fujita, H. Jobu, K. Morita, Y. Ueba, T. Kitaoka, H. Miyamura, M. | PLoS One | 2021 |