What is the Delirium Bibliography? The searchable Delirium Bibliography page is one of our most popular features, allowing you to quickly gain access to the literature on delirium and acute care of older persons. It is primarily intended for clinicians and researchers interested in exploring these topics. The NIDUS team keeps it updated for you on a monthly basis!
How to Search for Articles: Search by author, title, year, and/or keywords. Each article is indexed by keywords taken from MEDLINE and other relevant databases. Click on the title of the article to read the abstract, journal, etc.
Reference Information
- Title
- Withdrawal versus continuation of long-term antipsychotic drug use for behavioural and psychological symptoms in older people with dementia.
- Authors
- Van Leeuwen, E. Petrovic, M. van Driel, M. L. De Sutter, A. I. M. Vander Stichele, R. Declercq, T. Christiaens, T.
- Year
- 2018
- Journal
- Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
- Abstract
Background: Antipsychotic agents are often used to treat neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in people with dementia although there is uncertainty about the effectiveness of their long-term use for this indication and concern that they may cause harm, including higher mortality. When behavioural strategies have failed and treatment with antipsychotic drugs is instituted, regular attempts to withdraw them have been recommended in guidelines. Physicians, nurses and families of older people with dementia may be reluctant to stop antipsychotics, fearing deterioration of NPS. This is an update of a Cochrane Review published in 2013. Objectives: To evaluate whether withdrawal of antipsychotic agents is successful in older people with dementia and NPS in primary care or nursing home settings, to list the different strategies for withdrawal of antipsychotic agents in older participants with dementia and NPS, and to measure the effects of withdrawal of antipsychotic agents on participants’ behaviour and assess safety. Search methods: We searched the Specialized Register of the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group (ALOIS), theCochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, LILACS, clinical trials registries and grey literature sources up to 11 January 2018. Selection criteria: We included all randomised, controlled trials comparing an antipsychotic withdrawal strategy to continuation of antipsychotics in people with dementia who had been treated with an antipsychotic drug for at least three months. Data collection and analysis: We used standard methodological procedures according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. We rated the quality of evidence for each outcome using the GRADE approach. Main results: We included 10 studies involving 632 participants. One new trial (19 participants) was added for this update. One trial was conducted in a community setting, eight in nursing homes and one in both settings. Different types of antipsychotics at varying doses were discontinued in the studies. Both abrupt and gradual withdrawal schedules were used. Reported data were predominantly from studies at low or unclear risk of bias. We included nine trials with 575 randomised participants that used a proxy outcome for overall success of antipsychotic withdrawal. Pooling data was not possible due to heterogeneity of outcome measures used. Based on assessment of seven studies, discontinuation may make little or no difference to whether or not participants complete the study (low-quality evidence). Two trials included only participants with psychosis, agitation or aggression who had responded to antipsychotic treatment. In these two trials, stopping antipsychotics was associated with a higher risk of leaving the study early due to symptomatic relapse or a shorter time to symptomatic relapse. We found low-quality evidence that discontinuation may make little or no difference to overall NPS, measured using various scales (7 trials, 519 participants). There was some evidence from subgroup analyses in two trials that discontinuation may reduce agitation for participants with less severe NPS at baseline, but may be associated with a worsening of NPS in participants with more severe NPS at baseline. None of the studies assessed withdrawal symptoms. Adverse effects of antipsychotics (such as falls) were not systematically assessed. Low-quality evidence showed that discontinuation may have little or no effect on adverse events (5 trials, 381 participants), quality of life (2 trials, 119 participants), or cognitive function (5 trials, 365 participants). There were insufficient data to determine whether discontinuation of antipsychotics has any effect on mortality (very low-quality evidence). Authors’ conclusions: There is low-quality evidence that antipsychotics may be successfully discontinued in older people with dementia and NPS who have been taking antipsychotics for at least three months, and that discontinuation may have little or no important effect on behavioural and psychological symptoms. This i consistent with the observation that most behavioural complications of dementia are intermittent and often do not persist for longer than three months. Discontinuation may have little or no effect on overall cognitive function. Discontinuation may make no difference to adverse events and quality of life. Based on the trials in this review, we are uncertain whether discontinuation of antipsychotics leads to a decrease in mortality. People with psychosis, aggression or agitation who responded well to long-term antipsychotic drug use, or those with more severe NPS at baseline, may benefit behaviourally from continuation of antipsychotics. Discontinuation may reduce agitation for people with mild NPS at baseline. However, these conclusions are based on few studies or small subgroups and further evidence of benefits and harms associated with withdrawal of antipsychotic is required in people with dementia and mild and severe NPS. The overall conclusions of the review have not changed since 2013 and the number of available trials remains low.
- PMID
- Keywords
chlorpromazine
haloperidol
levomepromazine
lorazepam
loxapine
mesoridazine
neuroleptic agent
olanzapine
perphenazine
placebo
risperidone
thioridazine
tiotixene
trifluoperazine
aggression
agitation
akathisia
behavior disorder
blood pressure
body equilibrium
cardiovascular disease
cognition
confusion
dementia
drug fatality
drug megadose
drug response
drug safety
drug withdrawal
extrapyramidal symptom
falling
fracture
heart rate
human
insomnia
long term care
low drug dose
lung disease
mental disease
motor dysfunction
nausea
neurologic disease
nursing home
parkinsonism
physical mobility
primary medical care
priority journal
psychosis
quality of life
relapse
restlessness
review
sedation
side effect
systematic review
tardive dyskinesia
treatment outcome
vomiting
- Page(s)
- Volume
- Issue
- 3
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Keywords |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Evaluating Pain, Opioids, and Delirium in Critically Ill Older Adults | Pavone, K. J. Jablonski, J. Cacchione, P. Z. Polomano, R. C. Compton, P. | Clin Nurs Res | 2021 |
Aged |
| Optimizing the Recognition and Treatment of In-Hospital Stroke: Evaluation of the 2CAN Score | Parrino, C. R. Noles, A. Lalla, R. Mehndiratta, P. Phipps, M. Cronin, C. Cole, J. Wozniak, M. Yarbrough, K. Chaturvedi, S. | J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis | 2021 |
Aged |
| Cohort Analysis of the Association of Delirium Severity with Cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid-Tau-Neurodegeneration Pathologies | Parker, M. White, M. Casey, C. Kunkel, D. Bo, A. Blennow, K. Zetterberg, H. Pearce, R. A. Lennertz, R. Sanders, R. D. | J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci | 2021 |
Biology of aging, Biomarkers, Dementia |
| The Delirium Observation Screening Scale: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Test Accuracy | Park, J. Jeong, E. Lee, J | Clin Nurs Res | 2021 |
*Delirium/diagnosis |
| Higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, mean platelet volume, and platelet distribution width are associated with postoperative delirium in patients undergoing esophagectomy: a retrospective observational study | Oyama, T. Kinoshita, H. Takekawa, D. Saito, J. Kushikata, T. Hirota, K. | J Anesth | 2021 |
Esophagectomy |
| The predictive value of the 'VMS frail older patients' for adverse outcomes in geriatric inpatients | Oud, F. M. M. Wolzak, N. K. Spies, P. E. Zaag-Loonen, H. J. V. van Munster, B. C. | Arch Gerontol Geriatr | 2021 |
Aged |
| Impact of ABCDE Bundle Implementation in the Intensive Care Unit on Specific Patient Costs | Otusanya, O. T. Hsieh, S. J. Gong, M. N. Gershengorn, H. B. | J Intensive Care Med | 2021 |
cost and cost analysis |
| Use of Suvorexant and Antipsychotics in the Treatment of Delirium After Infectious Diseases: A Retrospective Study | Okino, K. Yamada, H. Tomioka, H. Nozaki, S. Iwanami, A. Inamoto, A. | J Clin Psychopharmacol | 2021 |
Antipsychotics, Suvorexant, Delirium, Infectious Disease, C-reactive protein, White blood cell count |
| The assessment of risk factors for postoperative delirium using cubic spline curves in gastroenterological surgery | Okawa, Y. Tanaka, K. Nakanishi, Y. Asano, T. Noji, T. Ebihara, Y. Kurashima, Y. Nakamura, T. Murakami, S. Tsuchikawa, T. Okamura, K. Shichinohe, T. Hirano, S. | Surg Today | 2021 |
Cubic spline curve |
| Delirium and Long-Term Outcomes among Survivors of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Therapy: A Nationwide Cohort Study in South Korea | Oh, T. K. Park, H. Y. Song, I. A. | J Intensive Care Med | 2021 |
Critical Care |
| The Impact of Earplugs and Eye Masks on Sleep Quality in Surgical ICU Patients at Risk for Frequent Awakenings | Obanor, O. O. McBroom, M. M. Elia, J. M. Ahmed, F. Sasaki, J. D. Murphy, K. M. Chalk, S. Menard, G. A. Pratt, N. V. Venkatachalam, A. M. Romito, B. T. | Crit Care Med | 2021 |
Adult |
| Interventions to support recovery following an episode of delirium: A realist synthesis | O'Rourke, G. Parker, D. Anderson, R. Morgan-Trimmer, S. Allan, L | Aging Ment Health | 2021 |
Aged |
| Preoperative inflammatory mediators and postoperative delirium: systematic review and meta-analysis | Noah, A. M. Almghairbi, D. Evley, R. Moppett, I. K. | Br J Anaesth | 2021 |
Aged |
| Development of an algorithm for assessing fall risk in a Japanese inpatient population | Nakanishi, T. Ikeda, T. Nakamura, T. Yamanouchi, Y. Chikamoto, A. Usuku, K. | Sci Rep | 2021 |
Disease prevention, Geriatrics, Public health |
| Relationship among melatonin, postoperative delirium, and postoperative cognitive dysfunction | Mu, S. Wu, Y. Wu, A. | Ann Palliat Med | 2021 |
*Cognition Disorders |
| Hospital complications among older adults: Better processes could reduce the risk of delirium | Moura Junior, V. Westover, M. B. Li, F. Kimchi, E. Kennedy, M. Benson, N. M. Moura, L. M. Hsu, J. | Health Serv Manage Res | 2021 |
access/demand/utilization of services |
| Precipitated Withdrawal, Delirium, and Cerebellar Stroke: The Pharmacology of Buprenorphine Induction in Non-pharmaceutical Fentanyl and the Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of Cerebellar Stroke | Montalvo, C. von Horn, A. Lane, C. E. Weinstein, Z. M. Sharma, M. Suzuki, J. | Harv Rev Psychiatry | 2021 | |
| The effect of foot massage on the level of consciousness and delirium of intensive care patients: A randomized single-blind controlled trial | Momeni, M. Arab, M. Dehghan, M. Ahmadinejad, M. | J Bodyw Mov Ther | 2021 |
*Consciousness |
| Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia does not increase the risk of postoperative delirium compared to patient-controlled epidural analgesia: a propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study | Miyoshi, H. Nakamura, R. Noda, Y. Yokomi, H. Kamiya, S. Morio, A. Watanabe, T. Narasaki, S. Toyota, Y. Saeki, N. Hamada, H. Tsutsumi, Y. M. | Ann Palliat Med | 2021 |
Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) |
| Standardized Semistructured Psychosocial Evaluation Before Stem Cell Transplantation Predicts Delirium After Transplant | Mishkin, A. D. Schmajuk, M. Reshef, R. Lopez-Pintado, S. Mapara, M. Y. Shapiro, P. A. | J Acad Consult Liaison Psychiatry | 2021 |
*cancer (PSY0140) |
| Pattern of Brain Injury in Patients With Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in the Precaplacizumab Era | Mirouse, A. Legriel, S. Dumas, G. Labro, G. Veyradier, A. Zafrani, L. Valade, S. Hourmant, Y. Boutboul, D. Darmon, M. Coppo, P. Mariotte, E. Azoulay, E. | Crit Care Med | 2021 |
Adult |
| Postoperative delirium is a risk factor for complications and poor outcome after total hip and knee arthroplasty | Meyer, M. Götz, J. Parik, L. Renkawitz, T. Grifka, J. Maderbacher, G. Kappenschneider, T. Weber, M. | Acta Orthop | 2021 |
Geriatrics, Surgery, Postoperative delirium, Elective joint replacement |
| Why should you stay one night? Prospective observational study of enhanced recovery in elderly patients | Melegari, G. Albertini, G. Romani, A. Malaguti, S. Traccitto, F. Giuliani, E. Cavallini, G. M. Bertellini, E. Barbieri, A. | Aging Clin Exp Res | 2021 |
Aged |
| Inhaled isoflurane via the anaesthetic conserving device versus propofol for sedation of invasively ventilated patients in intensive care units in Germany and Slovenia: an open-label, phase 3, randomised controlled, non-inferiority trial | Meiser, A. Volk, T. Wallenborn, J. Guenther, U. Becher, T. Bracht, H. Schwarzkopf, K. Knafelj, R. Faltlhauser, A. Thal, S. C. Soukup, J. Kellner, P. Drüner, M. Vogelsang, H. Bellgardt, M. Sackey, P. | Lancet Respir Med | 2021 |
Isoflurane, ICU, Propofol, Invasive ventilation, RASS |
| Perioperative Considerations for Patients with a Known Diagnosis of Dementia | McSwain, J. R. Sirianni, J. M. Wilson, S. H. | Adv Anesth | 2021 |
Alzheimer’s dementia |
| The relationship between frailty and delirium: insights from the 2017 Delirium Day study | Mazzola, P. Tassistro, E. Di Santo, S. Rossi, E. Andreano, A. Valsecchi, M. G. Cherubini, A. Marengoni, A. Mossello, E. Bo, M. Inzitari, M. Di Bari, M. Udina, C. Latronico, N. Paolillo, C. Morandi, A. Bellelli, G. | Age Ageing | 2021 |
Aged |
| Absence of Longer Reorientation Times in Patients Undergoing Electroconvulsive Therapy and Concomitant Treatment with Lithium | Martins-Ascencao, R. Rodrigues-Silva, N. Trovão, N. | Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci | 2021 |
Cognitive dysfunction |
| Period-Prevalence and Risk Factors for Delirium in a Tertiary Referral ICU: A prospective cohort study | Martinez, F. E. Ho, V. W. Brogan, G. Pickering, C. Leung, G. Parrey, J. Charlton, A. | Acute Med | 2021 |
Adult |
| Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Italian Version of the Observational Scale of Level of Arousal | Martella, L. A. Carmisciano, L. Giannotti, C. Signori, A. Pontremoli, R. Giusti, M. Gualco, E. Beccati, V. Marengoni, A. Nencioni, A. Monacelli, F. | J Am Med Dir Assoc | 2021 |
Aged |
| Prevalence and management of delirium in community dwelling older people with dementia referred to a memory clinic | Manni, B. Federzoni, L. Zucchi, P. Mussi, C. Inzitari, M. Carda, C. A. Fabbo, A. Morandi, A. | Aging Clin Exp Res | 2021 |
Aged |
| Impact of a Real-Time, Pharmacist-Led, Intensive Care Unit-Based Feedback Intervention on Analgesia and Sedation Quality Among Mechanically Ventilated Patients | Mancheril, B. Kram, B. Schultheis, J. Kram, S. Trammel, M. Liu, B. Jordan, W. Cox, C. E. | J Nurs Care Qual | 2021 |
*Analgesia |
| A New ICU Delirium Prevention Bundle to Reduce the Incidence of Delirium: A Randomized Parallel Group Trial | Malik, A. K. Baidya, D. K. Anand, R. K. Subramaniam, R. | Indian J Crit Care Med | 2021 |
Delirium |
| Risk factors associated with the development of delirium in general ICU patients. A prospective observational study | Lobo-Valbuena, B. Gordo, F. Abella, A. Garcia-Manzanedo, S. Garcia-Arias, M. M. Torrejón, I. Varillas-Delgado, D. Molina, R. | PLoS One | 2021 |
Delirium, ICU Delirium, CAM-ICU, Clinical Frailty Scale, Length of stay, Readmission rate |
| Incidence, Predictors and Outcomes of Delirium in Complicated Type B Aortic Dissection Patients After Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repai | Liu, J. Yang, F. Luo, S. Li, C. Liu, W. Liu, Y. Huang, W. Xie, E. Chen, L. Su, S. Yang, X. Geng, Q. Luo, J. | Clin Interv Aging | 2021 |
*Aneurysm, Dissecting/surgery |
| Dynamic Delirium Severity Trajectories and Their Association With 2-Year Healthcare Utilization and Mortality Outcomes | Lindroth, H. Mohanty, S. Ortiz, D. Gao, S. Perkins, A. J. Khan, S. H. Boustani, M. A. Khan, B. A. | Crit Care Explor | 2021 |
delirium |
| Intraoperative Oxygen Concentration and Postoperative Delirium After Laparoscopic Gastric and Colorectal Malignancies Surgery: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial | Lin, X. Wang, P. Liu, D. W. Guo, Y. W. Xie, C. H. Wang, B. Dong, R. Sun, L. X. Wang, M. S. Bi, Y. L. | Clin Interv Aging | 2021 |
Aged |
| Incidence of delirium following hospitalization of elderly people with fractures: risk factors and mortality | Lima, B. R. Nunes, B. K. G. Guimarães, Lcdc Almeida, L. F. Pagotto, V. | Rev Esc Enferm USP | 2021 |
Aged |
| Regional Nerve Block Decreases the Incidence of Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Hip Fracture | Lim, E. J. Koh, W. U. Kim, H. Kim, H. J. Shon, H. C. Kim, J. W. | J Clin Med | 2021 |
delirium |
| Effects of perioperative interventions for preventing postoperative delirium: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials | Li, X. Wang, Y. Liu, J. Xiong, Y. Chen, S. Han, J. Xie, W. Wu, Q. | Medicine (Baltimore) | 2021 |
Delirium/*prevention & control |
| Developing a machine learning model to identify delirium risk in geriatric internal medicine inpatients | Li, Q. Zhao, Y. Chen, Y. Yue, J. Xiong, Y. | Eur Geriatr Med | 2021 |
Delirium |
| Development and validation of a risk score for predicting postoperative delirium after major abdominal surgery by incorporating preoperative risk factors and surgical Apgar score | Li, G. H. Zhao, L. Lu, Y. Wang, W. Ma, T. Zhang, Y. X. Zhang, H. | J Clin Anesth | 2021 |
Bootstrapping |
| Non-Pharmacological Nursing Interventions for Prevention and Treatment of Delirium in Hospitalized Adult Patients: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials | Lee, Y. Lee, J. Kim, J. Jung, Y. | Int J Environ Res Public Health | 2021 |
Adult |
| Association of natural light exposure and delirium according to the presence or absence of windows in the intensive care unit | Lee, H. J. Bae, E. Lee, H. Y. Lee, S. M. Lee, J. | Acute Crit Care | 2021 |
delirium |
| Knowledge, barriers, and training needs of nurses working in delirium care | Lee, G. Roh, Y. S | Nurs Crit Care | 2021 |
barrier |
| Causes and Predictors of 30-Day Readmission in Elderly Patients With Delirium | Lau, H. L. Patel, S. D. Garg, N. | Neurol Clin Pract | 2021 |
Readmission rate, Delirium, Hospitalization, Length of stay, Post discharge care |
| Comparison of Antipsychotics for the Treatment of Patients With Delirium and QTc Interval Prolongation: A Clinical Decision Analysis | Kurisu, K. Yoshiuchi, K. | Front Psychiatry | 2021 |
QTc prolongation |
| The Polish Version of the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (NuDESC PL)-Experience of Using in Nursing Practice in Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit | Krupa, S. Dorota, O. Friganovic, A. Mędrzycka-Dąbrowska, W. Jurek, K. | Int J Environ Res Public Health | 2021 |
Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects |
| Associations of delirium with urinary tract infections and asymptomatic bacteriuria in adults aged 65 and older: A systematic review and meta-analysis | Krinitski, D. Kasina, R. Klöppel, S. Lenouvel, E. | J Am Geriatr Soc | 2021 |
asymptomatic bacteriuria |
| Prevalence and Factors Affecting Postoperative Delirium in a Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit | Kose, G. Şirin, K. Inel, M. B. Mertoglu, S. Aksakal, R. Kurucu, Ş | J Neurosci Nurs | 2021 |
Cross-Sectional Studies |
| Effect of hypertension and medication use regularity on postoperative delirium after maxillofacial tumors radical surgery | Kong, S. Wang, J. Xu, H. Wang, K. | Oncotarget | 2021 |
hypertension |
| Perioperative Electroencephalogram Spectral Dynamics Related to Postoperative Delirium in Older Patients | Koch, S. Windmann, V. Chakravarty, S. Kruppa, J. Yürek, F. Brown, E. N. Winterer, G. Spies, C. | Anesth Analg | 2021 |
Electroencephalography, Postoperative delirium, Surgery, Spectral edge frequency |
| Is dislocation following total hip arthroplasty caused while suffering from delirium? | Kobayashi, T. Morimoto, T. Sonohata, M. Mawatari, M. | Nagoya J Med Sci | 2021 |
dislocation |
| Availability of preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio to predict postoperative delirium after head and neck free-flap reconstruction: A retrospective study | Kinoshita, H. Saito, J. Takekawa, D. Ohyama, T. Kushikata, T. Hirota, K. | PLoS One | 2021 |
Postoperative delirium, ICU delirium, Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, Surgery, Length of Stay |
| Delirium risk of histamine-2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors: A study based on the adverse drug event reporting database in Japan | Kikkawa, N. Sogawa, R. Monji, A. Sumi, S. Murakawa-Hirachi, T. Kubo, T. Eguchi, Y. Miyamoto, Y. Kamo, M. Tobita, S. Yukawa, M. Uchida, R. Egoshi, M. Shimanoe, C. | Gen Hosp Psychiatry | 2021 |
Delirium |
| Delirium in neurosurgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis | Kappen, P. R. Kakar, E. Dirven, C. M. F. van der Jagt, M. Klimek, M. Osse, R. J. Vincent, Apje | Neurosurg Rev | 2021 |
Delirium |
| Risk factors for postoperative delirium and subsyndromal delirium in older patients in the surgical ward: A prospective observational study | Kanno, M. Doi, M. Kubota, K. Kanoya, Y. | PLoS One | 2021 |
Postoperative delirium, Subsyndromal delirium, Surgery, CAM |
| Diagnostic accuracy and clinical applicability of the Swedish version of the 4AT assessment test for delirium detection, in a mixed patient population and setting | Johansson, Y. A. Tsevis, T. Nasic, S. Gillsjö, C. Johansson, L. Bogdanovic, N. Kenne Sarenmalm, E | BMC Geriatr | 2021 |
Aged |
| In-Hospital Delirium as a Prognostic Factor for New Cognitive Disorder in a 1-Year Post-Hip Fracture Follow-Up | Jaatinen, R. Luukkaala, T. Hongisto, M. T. Helminen, H. Nuotio, M. S. | Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord | 2021 |
Cognition |
| Italian version of the short 10/66 dementia diagnostic schedule: a validation study | Ibnidris, A. Piumatti, G. Carlevaro, F. Fadda, M. Magno, F. Magistro, D. Albanese, E. | BMJ Open | 2021 |
Aged |
| A Machine Learning-Based Algorithm for the Prediction of Intensive Care Unit Delirium (PRIDE): Retrospective Study | Hur, S. Ko, R. E. Yoo, J. Ha, J. Cha, W. C. Chung, C. R. | JMIR Med Inform | 2021 |
clinical prediction |
| The effect of evidence-based cluster nursing intervention on the incidences of delirium and the prognoses of ICU patients | Huang, S. Xu, J. Du, Y. Wang, Y. Wei, H. Wei, G. Hu, M. | Am J Transl Res | 2021 |
Evidence-based medicine |
| Impact of dexmedetomidine supplemented analgesia on delirium in patients recovering from orthopedic surgery: A randomized controlled tria | Hong, H. Zhang, D. Z. Li, M. Wang, G. Zhu, S. N. Zhang, Y. Wang, D. X. Sessler, D. I. | BMC Anesthesiol | 2021 |
Delirium |
| Effects of a simulation-based education programme on delirium care for critical care nurses: A randomized controlled trial | Ho, M. H. Yu, L. F. Lin, P. H. Chang, H. R. Traynor, V. Huang, W. C. Montayre, J. Chen, K. H. | J Adv Nurs | 2021 |
Clinical Competence |
| Postoperative Delirium in Older Patients: A Systematic Review of Assessment and Incidence of Postoperative Delirium | Ho, M. H. Nealon, J. Igwe, E. Traynor, V. Chang, H. R. Chen, K. H. Montayre, J. | Worldviews Evid Based Nurs | 2021 |
Aged |
| Harmonization of Four Delirium Instruments: Creating Crosswalks and the Delirium Item-Bank (DEL-IB) | Helfand, B. K. I. Detroyer, E. Milisen, K. Adamis, D. Metzger, E. D. Boudreaux, E. D. Inouye, S. K. Jones, R. N. | Am J Geriatr Psychiatry | 2021 | |
| Association between genetic variants of the cholinergic system and postoperative delirium and cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients | Heinrich, M. Sieg, M. Kruppa, J. Nürnberg, P. Schreier, P. H. Heilmann-Heimbach, S. Hoffmann, P. Nöthen, M. M. Janke, J. Pischon, T. Slooter, A. J. C. Winterer, G. Spies, C. D. | BMC Med Genomics | 2021 |
Chrm2 |
| Risk of delirium and impaired neurological outcome associated with delay in neurorehabilitation after acquired brain injury | Hansen, P. M. Lauridsen, J. T. Frandsen, N. S. | Dan Med J | 2021 |
*Brain Injuries |
| Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Impact of Delirium on Hospitalized Older Adults With Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis | Han, Q. Y. C. Rodrigues, N. G. Klainin-Yobas, P. Haugan, G. Wu, X. | J Am Med Dir Assoc | 2021 |
Dementia |
| Urinary albumin creatinine ratio associated with postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing elective non-cardiac surgery: A prospective observational study | Guan, H. L. Liu, H. Hu, X. Y. Abdul, M. Dai, M. S. Gao, X. Chen, X. F. Zhou, Y. Sun, X. Zhou, J. Li, X. Zhao, Q. Zhang, Q. Q. Wang, J. Han, Y. Cao, J. L. | CNS Neurosci Ther | 2021 |
delirium |
| Cognitive Impairment and Delirium in Older Patients Undergoing Major Head and Neck Surgery | Goldstein, D. P. Blasco, M. de Almeida, J. Su, J. Xu, W. Cohen, M. Sklar, M. Alibhai, S | Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg | 2021 |
clock draw test |
| What prompts patients to present with delirium? | Gibb, K. Krywonos, A. Shah, R. Jha, A. Davis, D. | Eur Geriatr Med | 2021 |
Adult |
| Admission Systolic Blood Pressure Predicts Post-Operative Delirium of Acute Aortic Dissection Patients in the Intensive Care Unit | Fu, Z. Xu, Q. Zhang, C. Bai, H. Chen, X. Zhang, Y. Luo, W. Lin, G. | Int J Gen Med | 2021 |
acute Stanford type A aortic dissection |
| Postoperative Delirium in Patients After Brain Tumor Surgery | French, J. Weber, T. Ge, B. Litofsky, N. S. | World Neurosurg | 2021 |
Confusion assessment method |
| Physical Restraints and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Survivors of Critical Illness. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis | Franks, Z. M. Alcock, J. A. Lam, T. Haines, K. J. Arora, N. Ramanan, M. | Ann Am Thorac Soc | 2021 |
Adult |
| Long-Term Outcomes in ICU Patients with Delirium: A Population-based Cohort Study | Fiest, K. M. Soo, A. Hee Lee, C. Niven, D. J. Ely, E. W. Doig, C. J. Stelfox, H. T. | Am J Respir Crit Care Med | 2021 |
Adolescent |
| The effect of foot reflexology massage on delirium and sleep quality following cardiac surgery: A randomized clinical trial | Fazlollah, A. Babatabar Darzi, H. Heidaranlu, E. Moradian, S. T. | Complement Ther Med | 2021 |
*Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects |
| A delirium prevalence audit and a pre and post evaluation of an interprofessional education intervention to increase staff knowledge about delirium in older adults | Ewens, B. Seaman, K. Whitehead, L. Towell-Barnard, A. Young, M. | BMC Nurs | 2021 |
Delirium |
| Anaesthetic depth and delirium after major surgery: a randomised clinical trial | Evered, L. A. Chan, M. T. V. Han, R. Chu, M. H. M. Cheng, B. P. Scott, D. A. Pryor, K. O. Sessler, D. I. Veselis, R. Frampton, C. Sumner, M. Ayeni, A. Myles, P. S. Campbell, D. Leslie, K. Short, T. G. | Br J Anaesth | 2021 |
anaesthesia |
| Association of preoperative frailty with postoperative delirium in elderly orthopedic trauma patients | Esmaeeli, S. Franco-Garcia, E. Akeju, O. Heng, M. Zhou, C. Azocar, R. J. Quraishi, S. A. | Aging Clin Exp Res | 2021 |
Cognition |
| Prevention of postoperative delirium after cardiovascular surgery: A team-based approach | Enomoto, K. Kosaka, S. Kimura, T. Matsubara, M. Kitada, Y. Mieno, M. Okamura, H. | J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg | 2021 |
Delirium Team Approach program |
| Serum Levels of S100β, Neuron-Specific Enolase, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein in Kidney Transplant Recipients and Donors: A Prospective Cohort Study | Dinc, B. Yılmaz, V. T. Aslan, M. Aycan, I. O. Kiraz, N. Kisaoglu, A. Dandin, O. Hadimioglu, N. Ertug, Z. | Transplant Proc | 2021 |
Nephrectomy, Kidney transplant, Neuromarkers, Postoperative delirium |
| Delirium and Its Pharmacological Causes in Older People, Part 1 | DeMaagd, G. A. DeMaagd, D. R. Philip, A. Coalter, C. F. | Sr Care Pharm | 2021 |
Aged |
| Potentially inappropriate prescribing in dementia, multi-morbidity and incidence of adverse health outcomes | Delgado, J. Jones, L. Bradley, M. C. Allan, L. M. Ballard, C. Clare, L. Fortinsky, R. H. Hughes, C. M. Melzer, D. | Age Ageing | 2021 |
Aged |
| The Nexus Between Sleep Disturbance and Delirium Among Intensive Care Patients | Delaney, L. J. Litton, E. Van Haren, F. | Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am | 2021 |
Critical Care |
| Opportunities for quality improvement in the morbidity pattern of older adults undergoing pulmonary lobectomy for cancer | De León, L. E. Rochefort, M. M. Bravo-Iñiguez, C. E. Fox, S. W. Tarascio, J. N. Cardin, K. DuMontier, C. Frain, L. N. Jaklitsch, M. T. | J Geriatr Oncol | 2021 |
Aged |
| Palliative sedation in patients with advanced cancer in a specialized unit in a middle-income country: A retrospective cohort study | de Araujo, C. Z. S. de Araújo, L. Z. S. Nassar Junior, A. P. | Palliat Support Care | 2021 |
Cancer |
| Development and Implementation of a Multicomponent Protocol to Promote Sleep and Reduce Delirium in a Medical Intensive Care Unit | Darby, A. Northam, K. Austin, C. A. Chang, L. Campbell-Bright, S | Ann Pharmacother | 2021 |
critical care |
| Effect of Interventions With a Clinical Decision Support System for Hospitalized Older Patients: Systematic Review Mapping Implementation and Design Factors | Damoiseaux-Volman, B. A. van der Velde, N. Ruige, S. G. Romijn, J. A. Abu-Hanna, A. Medlock, S. | JMIR Med Inform | 2021 |
aged |
| Sevoflurane-Remifentanil Versus Propofol-Remifentanil Anesthesia During Noncardiac Surgery for Patients with Coronary Artery Disease - A Prospective Study Between 2016 and 2017 at a Single Center | Dai, Z. Lin, M. Li, Y. Gao, W. Wang, P. Lin, J. Wan, Z. Jiang, Y. | Med Sci Monit | 2021 |
Acute Coronary Syndrome, Coronary Artery Disease, Propofol |
| Symptom trajectories for palliative care inpatients with and without hyperactive delirium in the last week of life | Dai, Y. Walpole, G. Ding, J. Scanlon, C. Ho, L. Khoo, R. H. Huang, C. Cook, A. William, L. Johnson, C. E. | J Adv Nurs | 2021 |
end of life |
| Subtypes of delirium after ischaemic stroke-predisposing factors and outcomes: a prospective observational study (PROPOLIS) | Czyzycki, M. Klimiec-Moskal, E. Chrobak, A. A. Pera, J. Slowik, A. Dziedzic, T. | Eur J Neurol | 2021 |
delirium |
| Effectiveness of a Delirium Prevention Initiative on an Inpatient Neuroscience Unit | Cyrus, T. Wenthold, R. Hall, B. Tu, L. Hedquist, K. Omodt, J. Kozub, E. Guthrie, P. F. | J Neurosci Nurs | 2021 |
Clinical Competence |
| Association Between Cerebral Desaturation and Postoperative Delirium in Thoracotomy With One-Lung Ventilation: A Prospective Cohort Study | Cui, F. Zhao, W. Mu, D. L. Zhao, X. Li, X. Y. Wang, D. X. Jia, H. Q. Dai, F. Meng, L. | Anesth Analg | 2021 |
Aged |
| Factors for Timely Identification of Possible Occurrence of Delirium in Palliative Care: A Prospective Observational Study | Corli, O. Santucci, C. Uggeri, S. Bosetti, C. Cattaneo, M. Ermolli, D. Varrassi, G. Myrcik, D. Paladini, A. Rekatsina, M. Gerosa, C. Ornaghi, M. Roccasalva, A. Santambrogio, P. Beretta, M. | Adv Ther | 2021 |
*Delirium/chemically induced/diagnosis/epidemiology |
| A Processed Electroencephalogram-Based Brain Anesthetic Resistance Index Is Associated With Postoperative Delirium in Older Adults: A Dual Center Study | Cooter Wright, M. Bunning, T. Eleswarpu, S. S. Heflin, M. T. McDonald, S. R. Lagoo-Deenadalayan, S. Whitson, H. E. Martinez-Camblor, P. Deiner, S. G. Berger, M. | Anesth Analg | 2021 |
age factors, anesthesia, methods, delirium, surgery/prevention & control, Electroencephalography, drug effects |
| Implementation and Routinization of the ABCDE Bundle: A Mixed Methods Evaluation | Collinsworth, A. W. Brown, R. Cole, L. Jungeblut, C. Kouznetsova, M. Qiu, T. Richter, K. M. Smith, S. Masica, A. L. | Dimens Crit Care Nurs | 2021 |
Adult |
| Prediction of delirium using data mining: A systematic review | Chua, S. J. Wrigley, S. Hair, C. Sahathevan, R | J Clin Neurosci | 2021 |
Area Under Curve |
| Determinants of Non-emergency Use of Control Interventions in Older Canadian Psychiatric Inpatients: Analysizing the InterRAI Mental Health Electronic Health Records | Cheung, G. Mah, T. M. Barak, Y. Hirdes, J. P. | Front Psychiatry | 2021 |
aggression |
| Assessment of preoperative frailty and identification of patients at risk for postoperative delirium in cardiac intensive care units: a prospective observational study | Cheng, H. W. Liu, C. Y. Chen, Y. S. Shih, C. C. Chen, W. Y. Chiou, A. F. | Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs | 2021 |
Anxiety |
| Preoperative prognostic nutritional index is useful factor for predicting postoperative delirium after primary total joint arthroplasty | Chen, J. Zheng, C. Zhong, J. Zhao, G. Shi, J. Huang, G. Wei, Y. Wang, S. Yu, J. Xia, J. | BMC Musculoskelet Disord | 2021 |
Aged |