NIDUS Delirium Bibliography

Delirium Bibliography books graphic What is the Delirium Bibliography? The searchable Delirium Bibliography page is one of our most popular features, allowing you to quickly gain access to the literature on delirium and acute care of older persons. It is primarily intended for clinicians and researchers interested in exploring these topics. The NIDUS team keeps it updated for you on a monthly basis!

How to Search for Articles: Search by author, title, year, and/or keywords. Each article is indexed by keywords taken from MEDLINE and other relevant databases. Click on the title of the article to read the abstract, journal, etc.

Reference Information

Title: Fixed dose ketamine for prehospital management of hyperactive delirium with severe agitation

Authors: O'Brien, M. C. Kelleran, K. J. Burnett, S. J. Hausrath, K. A. Kneer, M. S. Nan, N. Ma, C. X. McCartin, R. W. Clemency, B. M.

Year: 2024

Journal: Am J Emerg Med

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Patients exhibiting signs of hyperactive delirium with severe agitation (HDSA) may require sedating medications for stabilization and safe transport to the hospital. Determining the patient’s weight and calculating the correct weight-based dose may be challenging in an emergency. A fixed dose ketamine protocol is an alternative to the traditional weight-based administration, which may also reduce dosing errors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency and characteristics of adverse events following pre-hospital ketamine administration for HDSA. METHODS: Emergency Medical Services (EMS) records from four agencies were searched for prehospital ketamine administration. Cases were included if a 250 mg dose of ketamine was administered on standing order to an adult patient for clinical signs consistent with HDSA. Protocols allowed for a second 250 mg dose of ketamine if the first dose was not effective. Both the 250 mg initial dose and the total prehospital dose were analyzed for weight based dosing and adverse events. RESULTS: Review of 132 cases revealed 60 cases that met inclusion criteria. Patients’ median weight was 80 kg (range: 50-176 kg). No patients were intubated by EMS, one only requiring suction, three required respiratory support via bag valve mask (BVM). Six (10%) patients were intubated in the emergency department (ED) including the three (5%) supported by EMS via BVM, three (5%) others who were sedated further in the ED prior to requiring intubation. All six patients who were intubated were discharged from the hospital with a Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) 1 score. The weight-based dosing equivalent for the 250 mg initial dose (OR: 2.62, CI: 0.67-10.22) and the total prehospital dose, inclusive of the 12 patients that were administered a second dose, (OR: 0.74, CI: 0.27, 2.03), were not associated with the need for intubation. CONCLUSION: The 250 mg fixed dose of ketamine was not >5 mg/kg weight-based dose equivalent for all patients in this study. Although a second 250 mg dose of ketamine was permitted under standing orders, only 12 (20%) of the patients were administered a second dose, none experienced an adverse event. This indicates that the 250 mg initial dose was effective for 80% of the patients. Four patients with prehospital adverse events likely related to the administration of ketamine were found. One required suction, three (5%) requiring BVM respiratory support by EMS were subsequently intubated upon arrival in the ED. All 60 patients were discharged from the hospital alive. Further research is needed to determine an optimal single administration dose for ketamine in patients exhibiting signs of HDSA, if employing a standardized fixed dose medication protocol streamlines administration, and if the fixed dose medication reduces the occurrence of dosage errors.

PMID: PMID: 38626643

Keywords: Humans
*Ketamine/administration & dosage/therapeutic use
*Delirium/drug therapy
*Emergency Medical Services/methods
Male
Female
Middle Aged
*Psychomotor Agitation/drug therapy
Aged
Adult
Retrospective Studies
Aged, 80 and over
Anesthetics, Dissociative/administration & dosage/therapeutic use
Body Weight
Hyperactive delirium
Ketamine
Prehospital care
Sedation
Weight-based dose

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Volume

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Total Records Found: 6080, showing 100 per page
Title	Authors	Journal	Year	Keywords
Delirium due to intoxication with quetiapine: A systematic literature review	Crombez, S. van Den Wijngaert, V. Demyttenaere, K. de Fruyt, J.	Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie	2020	physostigmine quetiapine agitation article delirium drug intoxication human incidence systematic review
Postoperative delirium in patients with head and neck oral cancer in the West of Scotland	Crawford, J. E. Zubair, F. Baniulyte, G. Wales, C. J. Ansell, M. Thomson, E. Hislop, S. MacIver, C. Devine, J. McCaul, J. Young, D. McMahon, J.	Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg	2020	Eras Head and neck delirium free flap oral cancer postoperative care
Diagnosis, prevention, and management of delirium in the intensive cardiac care unit	Cortés-Beringola, A. Vicent, L. Martín-Asenjo, R. Puerto, E. Domínguez-Pérez, L. Maruri, R. Moreno, G. Vidán, M. T. Fernando, Arribas Bueno, H.	Am Heart J	2020
Serum DBI and biomarkers of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and delirium	Conti, E. Andreoni, S. Tomaselli, D. Storti, B. Brovelli, F. Acampora, R. Da Re, F. Appollonio, I. Ferrarese, C. Tremolizzo, L.	Neurol Sci	2020	Alzheimer’s disease Cytokines Delirium Diazepam binding inhibitor Monocytes Serum
A complication of coronavirus disease 2019: delirium	Cipriani, G. Danti, S. Nuti, A. Carlesi, C. Lucetti, C. Di Fiorino, M.	Acta Neurol Belg	2020	Betacoronavirus Covid-19 Coronavirus Infections/ complications Delirium/ virology Humans Pandemics Pneumonia, Viral/ complications SARS-CoV-2 Delirium Dementia Intensive-care unit
Post-operative delirium and cognitive decline in kidney transplantation	Chu, N. M. Chen, X. Segev, D. L. McAdams-DeMarco, M.	Journal of the American Society of Nephrology	2020	adult cognitive defect cohort analysis conference abstract controlled study executive function female human kidney transplantation major clinical study male medical record memory nephrologist postoperative delirium
Vitamin D and Delirium in Older Adults: A Case-Control Study in Geriatric Acute Care Unit	Chouët, J. Sacco, G. Karras, S. N. Llewellyn, D. J. Sánchez-Rodríguez, D. Annweiler, C.	Front Neurol	2020	cognition delirium neuroendocrinology older adults vitamin D
Risk factors for postoperative delirium in elderly patients after spinal fusion surgery	Choi, S. Jung, I. Yoo, B. Lee, S. Kim, M. C.	Anesth Pain Med (Seoul)	2020	Aged Anesthesia, general Delirium Postoperative complication Risk factors Spinal, surgery
Multimodal Education Program to Improve Nurses' Knowledge and Confidence on Delirium Recognition in a Surgical-Trauma Intermediate-Care Setting	Choi, M. DeGennaro, R. Blevins, C.	Journal of doctoral nursing practice	2020	adult article controlled study delirium education program human intermediate care unit learning nurse nursing unit pretest posttest design simulation surgical injury university hospital videorecording
Development and validation of delirium prediction model for critically ill adults parameterized to ICU admission acuity	Cherak, S. J. Soo, A. Brown, K. N. Ely, E. W. Stelfox, H. T. Fiest, K. M.	PLoS One	2020	Apache Adult Aged Critical Illness Decision Support Techniques Delirium/ diagnosis Female Hospitalization/ statistics & numerical data Humans Intensive Care Units/ statistics & numerical data Male Middle Aged Prospective Studies ROC Curve Retrospective Studies Risk Factors
Association of Glucose Variability and ICU Delirium of Patients after Liver Transplantation	Cheng, J. L. Dong, M. L. Zhang, Z. W. Liao, X. L. Yang, J. Y. Kang, Y.	Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition	2020	adverse event cohort analysis delirium glucose blood level human intensive care unit liver transplantation retrospective study risk factor
Modified Frailty Index Independently Predicts Postoperative Delirium and Delayed Neurocognitive Recovery After Elective Total Joint Arthroplasty	Chen, Y. Qin, J.	J Arthroplasty	2020	delayed neurocognitive recovery delirium modified frailty index osteoarthritis total joint arthroplasty
Risk predictive models for delirium in the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis	Chen, X. Lao, Y. Zhang, Y. Qiao, L. Zhuang, Y.	Ann Palliat Med	2020	Delirium intensive care units meta-analysis prediction model
Diagnostic accuracy of the CAM-ICU and ICDSC in detecting intensive care unit delirium: A bivariate meta-analysis	Chen, T. J. Chung, Y. W. Chang, H. C. R. Chen, P. Y. Wu, C. R. Hsieh, S. H. Chiu, H. Y.	International journal of nursing studies	2020	adult artificial ventilation checklist Cinahl critically ill patient diagnostic accuracy diagnostic test accuracy study Embase female human intensive care psychosis medical intensive care unit Medline meta analysis outpatient patient selection review sensitivity and specificity standard systematic review
Atypical Sleep and Postoperative Delirium in the Cardiothoracic Surgical Intensive Care Unit: A Pilot Prospective Study	Chen, Q. Peng, Y. Lin, Y. Li, S. Huang, X. Chen, L. W.	Nat Sci Sleep	2020	atypical sleep cardiac surgery intensive care unit postoperative delirium
Delirium risk prediction models for intensive care unit patients: A systematic review	Chen, J. Yu, J. Zhang, A.	Intensive Crit Care Nurs	2020	Delirium Icu Prediction model Systematic review
The role of statins in the management of delirium: Recent advances	Chen, J. Wang, Y. Hu, X. Li, M. Xiong, K. Zhang, Z. Chen, Q.	CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets	2020	Delirium cerebral hypoperfusion microthrombosis neurotransmitters statins systemic neuroinflammation
Analysis of Risk Factors for Postoperative Delirium After Liver Transplantation	Chen, J. Wang, H. He, Z. Li, T.	Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat	2020	ammonia hepatic encephalopathy liver transplantation postoperative delirium risk factors
Analgesia and sedation in patients with ARDS	Chanques, G. Constantin, J. M. Devlin, J. W. Ely, E. W. Fraser, G. L. Gélinas, C. Girard, T. D. Guérin, C. Jabaudon, M. Jaber, S. Mehta, S. Langer, T. Murray, M. J. Pandharipande, P. Patel, B. Payen, J. F. Puntillo, K. Rochwerg, B. Shehabi, Y. Strøm, T	Intensive Care Med	2020	Analgesia/methods/ standards Guidelines as Topic Humans Hypnotics and Sedatives/ therapeutic use Pain Management/methods Respiratory Distress Syndrome/ drug therapy Acute respiratory distress syndrome Analgesia Covid-19 Intensive care unit Mechanical ventilation Rehabilitation Sedation
Delirium Prevention, Detection, and Treatment in Emergency Medicine Settings: A Geriatric Emergency Care Applied Research (GEAR) Network Scoping Review and Consensus Statement	Carpenter, C. R. Hammouda, N. Linton, E. A. Doering, M. Ohuabunwa, U. K. Ko, K. J. Hung, W. W. Shah, M. N. Lindquist, L. A. Biese, K. Wei, D. Hoy, L. Nerbonne, L. Hwang, U. Dresden, S. M.	Academic Emergency Medicine	2020	aged applied research article consensus controlled study delirium education emergency care emergency medicine emergency physician emergency ward female geriatrician gestalt psychology human intervention study librarian male meta analysis nurse pharmacist phenotype Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses prevalence prevention prevention study randomized controlled trial (topic) sensitivity and specificity social worker systematic review
Geriatric emergency care applied research network cognitive impairment priorities consensus conference	Carpenter, C. R. Hammouda, N. Linton, E. Doerring, M. Ohuabunwa, U. Ko, K. Hung, W. Dresden, S. M. Shah, M. N. Lindquist, L. Biese, K. Wei, D. Hwang, U.	Academic Emergency Medicine	2020	adult aging applied research care bundle clinical assessment cognitive defect conference abstract controlled study diagnostic accuracy diagnostic test accuracy study emergency care emergency medicine emergency ward female geriatrics human implementation science incidence intensive care language leadership length of stay librarian male multicenter study (topic) nurse pharmacy (discipline) phenotype physician pilot study Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses prevention psychology randomized controlled trial (topic) research priority social work systematic review workload
Identifying and Responding to Delirium in Acute Stroke: Clinical Team Members' Understandings	Carin-Levy, G. Nicol, K. van Wijck, F. Mead, G. McVittie, C.	Qualitative health research	2020	adult article clinical article controlled study delirium female grounded theory human interview male nurse occupational therapist physiotherapist Scotland speech language pathologist stroke survivor stroke unit vignette
Antipsychotic use in the prevention and treatment of intensive care unit delirium in pediatric patients	Capino, A. C. Thomas, A. N. Baylor, S. Hughes, K. M. Miller, J. L. Johnson, P. N.	Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics	2020	haloperidol midazolam neuroleptic agent olanzapine quetiapine risperidone child consciousness disorder drug efficacy dystonia extrapyramidal symptom fever human hyperpyrexia hypersalivation intensive care psychosis muscle rigidity oculogyric crisis QT prolongation review tachycardia tremor
Screening instruments for cognitive impairment in older patients in the Emergency Department: a systematic review and meta-analysis	Calf, A. H. Pouw, M. A. van Munster, B. C. Burgerhof, J. G. M. de Rooij, S. E. Smidt, N.	Age Ageing	2020	Emergency Department cognitive impairment delirium dementia older people screening
Prevalence, Predictors, and Early Outcomes of Post-operative Delirium in Patients With Type A Aortic Dissection During Intensive Care Unit Stay	Cai, S. Zhang, X. Pan, W. Latour, J. M. Zheng, J. Zhong, J. Gao, J. Lv, M. Luo, Z. Wang, C. Zhang, Y.	Front Med (Lausanne)	2020	delirium early outcomes incidence risk factors type A aortic dissection
Toxin-Induced Acute Delirium	Cai, A. Cai, X.	Neurol Clin	2020	Anticholinergic Delirium GABA withdrawal Hallucinogen Sympathomimetic Toxidrome Wernicke
Cognitive and psychosocial outcomes of mechanically ventilated intensive care patients with and without delirium	Bulic, D. Bennett, M. Georgousopoulou, E. N. Shehabi, Y. Pham, T. Looi, J. C. L. van Haren, F. M. P.	Ann Intensive Care	2020	Cognition Delirium Intensive care Long-term outcomes Post-traumatic stress disorder Psychosocial function
The influence of a serious game's narrative on students' attitudes and learning experiences regarding delirium: an interview study	Buijs-Spanjers, K. R. Harmsen, A. Hegge, H. H. Spook, J. E. de Rooij, S. E. Jaarsma, Dadc	BMC Med Educ	2020	Delirium Education Narrative Serious game
Preoperative prognostic factors associated with postoperative delirium in older people undergoing surgery: protocol for a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis	Buchan, T. A. Sadeghirad, B. Schmutz, N. Goettel, N. Foroutan, F. Couban, R. Mbuagbaw, L. Dodsworth, B. T.	Syst Rev	2020	Elderly Individual patient data meta-analysis Postoperative Prognostic factors
Impact of Therapeutic Music Listening on Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Pilot Study	Browning, S. G. Watters, R. Thomson-Smith, C.	Nurs Clin North Am	2020	Aged Critical Illness/psychology/ therapy Delirium/psychology/therapy Female Humans Intensive Care Units/organization & administration/statistics & numerical data Male Middle Aged Music Therapy/methods/ standards/trends Pilot Projects Intensive care unit (ICU) delirium Mechanical ventilation Therapeutic music listening
Association between delirium in the intensive care unit and subsequent neuropsychiatric disorders	Brown, K. N. Soo, A. Faris, P. Patten, S. B. Fiest, K. M. Stelfox, H. T.	Crit Care	2020	Aged Alberta/epidemiology Delirium/epidemiology/ therapy Female Humans Incidence Intensive Care Units Male Middle Aged Neurocognitive Disorders/ epidemiology Odds Ratio Retrospective Studies Adult Cognition disorders Cohort studies Critical care Mental health
Association of Positive Delirium Screening with Incident Dementia in Skilled Nursing Facilities	Briesacher, B. A. Koethe, B. Olivieri-Mui, B. Saczynski, J. S. Fick, D. M. Devlin, J. W. Marcantonio, E. R.	J Am Geriatr Soc	2020	delirium dementia skilled nursing facilities
Economic Burden of Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorders Among US Medicare Patients	Boone, M. D. Sites, B. von Recklinghausen, F. M. Mueller, A. Taenzer, A. H. Shaefi, S.	JAMA Netw Open	2020	Aged Cost of Illness Female Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data Humans Male Medicare/economics Needs Assessment Neurocognitive Disorders/diagnosis/economics/epidemiology/etiology Postoperative Cognitive Complications/economics/epidemiology/etiology Quality Improvement Surgical Procedures, Operative/ adverse effects/statistics & numerical data United States/epidemiology
Hospital Elder Life Program in Long-Term Care (HELP-LTC): A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial	Boockvar, K. S. Judon, K. M. Eimicke, J. P. Teresi, J. A. Inouye, S. K.	J Am Geriatr Soc	2020	delirium intervention nursing homes randomized controlled trial
Pain Incidence, Treatment, and Associated Symptoms in Hospitalized Persons with Dementia	Boltz, M. Resnick, B. Kuzmik, A. Mogle, J. Jones, J. R. Arendacs, R. BeLue, R. Cacchione, P. Galvin, J. E.	Pain Manag Nurs	2020
Disparities in Physical and Psychological Symptoms in Hospitalized African American and White Persons with Dementia	Boltz, M. BeLue, R. Resnick, B. Kuzmik, A. Galik, E. Jones, J. R. Arendacs, R. Sinvani, L. Mogle, J. Galvin, J. E.	J Aging Health	2020	African Americans dementia disparities hospitalization race
The prevalence rates and adversities of delirium: Too common and disadvantageous	Boettger, S. Zipser, C. M. Bode, L. Spiller, T. Deuel, J. Osterhoff, G. Ernst, J. Petry, H. Volbracht, J. von Känel, R.	Palliat Support Care	2020	Delirium Impact of delirium Prevalence rate Underdiagnosis
Assessing delirium with nursing care instruments: Evaluation of the cognitive and associated domains	Bode, L. Fuchs, S. Gehrke, S. Ernst, J. Schubert, M. Nuñez, D. G. von Känel, R. Boettger, S.	Palliat Support Care	2020	Assessment Cognitive domains Delirium Electronic Patient Assessment — Acute Care (ePA-AC) Nursing
Iranian Nurses Perception and Practices for Delirium Assessment in Intensive Care Units	Biyabanaki, F. Arab, M. Dehghan, M.	Indian J Crit Care Med	2020	Assessment Barriers Delirium Intensive care unit Nurses Perception Practices
How to fight against overtreatment? Example of neuroleptic prescriptions for acute delirium	Bianchi, C. Blondet, F. Aebischer, O. Méan, M.	Revue Medicale Suisse	2020	neuroleptic agent article clinical practice delirium health care planning internal medicine practice guideline prescription
Clinical Presentation of COVID19 in Dementia Patients	Bianchetti, A. Rozzini, R. Guerini, F. Boffelli, S. Ranieri, P. Minelli, G. Bianchetti, L. Trabucchi, M.	Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging	2020	aged article behavior disorder clinical feature controlled study coronavirus disease 2019 coughing delirium dementia dyspnea female fever functional status hospitalization human major clinical study male mortality rate mortality risk prevalence priority journal retrospective study risk factor symptomatology
Validation of two nurse-based screening tools for delirium in elderly patients in general medical wards	Bergjan, M. Zilezinski, M. Schwalbach, T. Franke, C. Erdur, H. Audebert, H. J. Hauß, A.	BMC Nurs	2020	Confusion Delirium Delirium observation screening Scale Nursing delirium screening Scale Risk factor Screening
Prevalence and management of delirium in intensive care units in the Netherlands: An observational multicentre study	Berger, E. Wils, E. J. Vos, P. van Santen, S. Koets, J. Slooter, A. J. C. van der Woude, M. Koopmans, M. Rinket, M. A. Hoiting, O. Hoogendoorn, E. E. Streefkerk, J. O. de Vreede, E. W. Riekerk, B. Simons, K. S. Toscano, E. Schoonderbeek, F. J. Hofstra, L.	Intensive Crit Care Nurs	2020	Critically ill Delirium management Icu Prevalence Risk factors
Effect of Exogenous Melatonin Administration in Critically Ill Patients on Delirium and Sleep: A Randomized Controlled Trial	Bellapart, J. Appadurai, V. Lassig-Smith, M. Stuart, J. Zappala, C. Boots, R.	Crit Care Res Pract	2020
Delirium, functional decline and quality of life after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: An explorative study	Beishuizen, S. J. Festen, S. Loonstra, Y. E. van der Werf, H. W. de Rooij, S. E. van Munster, B. C.	Geriatr Gerontol Int	2020	activities of daily living cardiovascular surgery delirium quality of life transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Clinical outcomes in patients admitted to hospital with cervical spine fractures or with hip fractures	Baxter, J. Lisk, R. Osmani, A. Yeong, K. Robin, J. Fluck, D. Fry, C. H. Han, T. S.	Intern Emerg Med	2020	Discharge destination Geriatrics Length of stay Mortality Pressure ulcers
Frequency and Implications of Complications in the ICU After Status Epilepticus: No Calm After the Storm	Baumann, S. M. Semmlack, S. De Marchis, G. M. Hunziker, S. Rüegg, S. Marsch, S. Sutter, R.	Critical care medicine	2020	adult article artificial ventilation awareness complication consciousness controlled study delirium epileptic state female hospital infection hospitalization human hypotension major clinical study male medical record nervous system function outcome assessment prediction retrospective study risk assessment risk factor
Neurological Complications and Noninvasive Multimodal Neuromonitoring in Critically Ill Mechanically Ventilated COVID-19 Patients	Battaglini, D. Santori, G. Chandraptham, K. Iannuzzi, F. Bastianello, M. Tarantino, F. Ball, L. Giacobbe, D. R. Vena, A. Bassetti, M. Inglese, M. Uccelli, A. Rocco, P. R. M. Patroniti, N. Brunetti, I. Pelosi, P. Robba, C.	Front Neurol	2020	Covid-19 SARS-CoV-2 neurocritical care neurological complications neuromonitoring
Association between plasma tau and postoperative delirium incidence and severity: a prospective observational study	Ballweg, T. White, M. Parker, M. Casey, C. Bo, A. Farahbakhsh, Z. Kayser, A. Blair, A. Lindroth, H. Pearce, R. A. Blennow, K. Zetterberg, H. Lennertz, R. Sanders, R. D.	Br J Anaesth	2020	biomarker delirium glial fibrillary acidic protein inflammation neuronal injury postoperative surgery tau
Neurocovid: Pharmacological Recommendations for Delirium Associated With COVID-19	Baller, E. B. Hogan, C. S. Fusunyan, M. A. Ivkovic, A. Luccarelli, J. W. Madva, E. Nisavic, M. Praschan, N. Quijije, N. V. Beach, S. R. Smith, F. A.	Psychosomatics	2020	Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists/ therapeutic use Antipsychotic Agents/ therapeutic use Betacoronavirus Brain Diseases/ physiopathology/psychology Covid-19 Central Nervous System Depressants/therapeutic use Coronavirus Infections/ physiopathology/psychology Delirium/ drug therapy/physiopathology/psychology Dopamine Agonists/ therapeutic use GABA Modulators/therapeutic use Humans Lorazepam/therapeutic use Melatonin/therapeutic use Pandemics Pneumonia, Viral/ physiopathology/psychology Practice Guidelines as Topic SARS-CoV-2 consultation-liaison psychiatry coronavirus delirium neuropsychiatry psychopharmacology
An Implementation Assessment of the Virtual Acute Care for Elders Program From the Perspective of Key Stakeholders	Balentine, C. J. Morris, M. Knight, S. J. Turan, J. M. Flood, K. L. Gutierrez-Meza, D. Macdonald, C. L. Bhatia, S. Brown, C. J.	Ann Surg	2020
The 'third wave': impending cognitive and functional decline in COVID-19 survivors	Baker, H. A. Safavynia, S. A. Evered, L. A.	Br J Anaesth	2020	Covid-19 delirium frailty hypoxaemia neurocognitive dysfunction neuroinflammation
Presence of urinary symptoms in bacteremic urinary tract infection: a retrospective cohort study of Escherichia coli bacteremia	Bai, A. D. Bonares, M. J. Thrall, S. Bell, C. M. Morris, A. M.	BMC Infect Dis	2020	Aged Aged, 80 and over Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use Bacteremia/drug therapy/ epidemiology/ physiopathology Community-Acquired Infections/drug therapy/epidemiology/microbiology/physiopathology Escherichia coli/ isolation & purification Escherichia coli Infections/drug therapy/ epidemiology/microbiology/ physiopathology Female Humans Length of Stay Logistic Models Male Middle Aged Ontario/epidemiology Retrospective Studies Risk Factors Treatment Outcome Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy/ epidemiology/microbiology/ physiopathology Bacteremia Diagnosis Escherichia coli Urinary tract infection
Risk Factors of Postoperative Delirium in Older Adult Spine Surgery Patients: A Meta-Analysis	Baek, W. Kim, Y. M. Lee, H.	AORN J	2020	delirium older adults postoperative complication risk factors spine surgery
Psychosocial volunteer support for older adults with cognitive impairment: development of MyCare Ageing using a codesign approach via action research	Ayton, D. O'Donnell, R. Vicary, D. Bateman, C. Moran, C. Srikanth, V. K. Lustig, J. Banaszak-Holl, J. Hunter, P. Pritchard, E. Morris, H. Savaglio, M. Parikh, S. Skouteris, H.	BMJ Open	2020	dementia health services administration & management quality in health care
The Volunteer Dementia and Delirium Care (VDDC)©: A pre-implementation study exploring perceived acceptability to implementing the program in an acute and subacute metropolitan hospital	Ayton, D. Moran, C. Berkovic, D. Bateman, C. Anderson, K. Blair, A. Soh, S. E. Morello, R. Lim, Y. Y. Liew, D.	Australas J Ageing	2020	delirium dementia hospital volunteers
A call to action for delirium research: Meta-analysis and regression of delirium associated mortality	Aung Thein, M. Z. Pereira, J. V. Nitchingham, A. Caplan, G. A.	BMC Geriatr	2020	Aged Delirium/diagnosis Humans Acute confusion Death Delirium Mortality Prognosis
Accuracy and Feasibility of Clinically Applied Frailty Instruments before Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis	Aucoin, S. D. Hao, M. Sohi, R. Shaw, J. Bentov, I. Walker, D. McIsaac, D. I.	Anesthesiology	2020	Aged Aged, 80 and over Emergence Delirium/diagnosis Frail Elderly Frailty/ diagnosis Geriatric Assessment Hospital Mortality Humans Middle Aged Postoperative Complications/ diagnosis/epidemiology/mortality Predictive Value of Tests Preoperative Care/ methods Reproducibility of Results
Could COVID delirium bring on dementia?	Arnold, C.	Nature	2020	COVID-19/ complications/epidemiology/ psychology Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology/ etiology Critical Illness/epidemiology/psychology Delirium/ complications/epidemiology/ psychology Dementia/epidemiology/ etiology Dexmedetomidine/therapeutic use Follow-Up Studies Humans Medical research Neuroscience SARS-CoV-2
Neighborhood-Level Social Disadvantage and Risk of Delirium Following Major Surgery	Arias, F. Chen, F. Fong, T. G. Shiff, H. Alegria, M. Marcantonio, E. R. Gou, Y. Jones, R. N. Travison, T. G. Schmitt, E. M. Kind, A. J. H. Inouye, S. K.	J Am Geriatr Soc	2020	Area Deprivation Index clinical outcomes in hospitalization delirium delirium severity social determinants of health
Delirium is independently associated with early mortality in elderly patients starting hemodialysis	Arai, Y. Shioji, S. Tanaka, H. Kondo, I. Sakamoto, E. Suzuki, M. Katagiri, D. Tada, M. Hinoshita, F.	Clin Exp Nephrol	2020	Chronic kidney disease Delirium End-stage renal disease Hemodialysis Mortality
COVID-19 inpatients with psychiatric disorders: Real-world clinical recommendations from an expert team in consultation-liaison psychiatry	Anmella, G. Arbelo, N. Fico, G. Murru, A. Llach, C. D. Madero, S. Gomes-da-Costa, S. Imaz, M. L. López-Pelayo, H. Vieta, E. Pintor, L.	J Affect Disord	2020	Aged Anti-Anxiety Agents/therapeutic use Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use Betacoronavirus Covid-19 Coronavirus Infections/ complications/psychology Female Humans Inpatients/ psychology Male Mental Disorders/ complications/psychology/ therapy Middle Aged Pandemics Pneumonia, Viral/ complications/psychology Psychiatry Referral and Consultation SARS-CoV-2 Consultation liaison psychiatry Interactions Psychodrug Psychopharmacology
Relationship Between Intensive Care Unit Delirium Severity and 2-Year Mortality and Health Care Utilization	Andrews, P. S. Wang, S. Perkins, A. J. Gao, S. Khan, S. Lindroth, H. Boustani, M. Khan, B.	American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses	2020	adult APACHE article Charlson Comorbidity Index coma controlled study delirium emergency ward female health care utilization hospital readmission human intensive care unit major clinical study male mortality risk race randomization randomized controlled trial Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale
Impact of a Pharmacist-Led Intensive Care Unit Sleep Improvement Protocol on Sleep Duration and Quality	Andrews, J. L. Louzon, P. R. Torres, X. Pyles, E. Ali, M. H. Du, Y. Devlin, J. W.	Ann Pharmacother	2020	activity tracker complementary therapies intensive care pharmaceutical services pharmacist quality improvement sleep sleep quality
A Case of Concurrent Delirium and Catatonia in a Woman With Coronavirus Disease 2019	Amouri, J. Andrews, P. S. Heckers, S. Ely, E. W. Wilson, J. E.	Psychosomatics	2020
Delirium pathway: a North Hampshire experience	Al-Rawi, Y. A.	Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry	2020	aged article attitude to health caregiver clinical article cognitive defect daily life activity delirium dementia elderly care female frailty human length of stay male mental health service Mini Mental State Examination Montreal cognitive assessment New Hampshire Parkinson disease priority journal residential care social worker very elderly
Incidence and risk factors for acute delirium in older patients with a hip fracture: A retrospective cohort study	Aldwikat, R. K. Manias, E. Nicholson, P.	Nurs Health Sci	2020	hip fracture incidence postoperative delirium risk factors
Delirium, insulin-like growth factor I, growth hormone in older inpatients	Adamis, D. Coada, I. Eikelenboom, P. Chu, C. S. Finn, K. Melvin, V. Williams, J. Meagher, D. J. McCarthy, G.	World J Psychiatry	2020	Cognition Delirium Growth hormone Insulin-like growth factor-I Old age psychiatry Older people Pathophysiology Physical illness
Critical Review and Meta-Analysis of Postoperative Sedation after Adult Cardiac Surgery: Dexmedetomidine Versus Propofol	Abowali, H. A. Paganini, M. Enten, G. Elbadawi, A. Camporesi, E. M.	J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth	2020	adult open cardiac surgery dexmedetomidine postoperative sedation propofol
Polypharmacy at admission prolongs length of hospitalization in gastrointestinal surgery patients	Abe, N. Kakamu, T. Kumagai, T. Hidaka, T. Masuishi, Y. Endo, S. Kasuga, H. Fukushima, T.	Geriatr Gerontol Int	2020	Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Critical Pathways Digestive System Surgical Procedures Female Hospitalization Hospitals, University Humans Japan Length of Stay/ statistics & numerical data Logistic Models Male Middle Aged Polypharmacy Retrospective Studies clinical pathway elderly people gastrointestinal surgery prolonged hospitalization
Stroke-related delirium	Al-Khaled, M.	Journal of the Neurological Sciences	2021	article cerebrovascular accident delirium human
Practice Variability in Screening and Treating Pediatric Critical Illness Delirium: Survey	Aljabari, S. Carter, C. Waheed, S. Anderson, J. E.	Journal of Pediatric Intensive Care	2020	child critical illness delirium drug therapy human intensive care unit review United States university hospital quetiapine
Perioperative complications of pediatric otorhinolaryngological operations	Aleksandrovich, Y. Rybianov, V. Pshenisnov, K. V. Razumov, S.	Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia	2020	Complications ENT Heart rate variability Pediatric Perioperative
Prevention as Intervention: Reducing Incident Delirium in Heart Failure	Albert, B. L.	Journal of doctoral nursing practice	2019	acute heart failure adult article controlled study delirium drug safety education human nurse nursing knowledge prevention quality of nursing care
The prevalence of prescribing medications associated with geriatric syndromes among discharged elderly patients	Akkawi, M. E. Taufek, N. H. M. Hadi, A. D. A. Nik Lah, N. N. N. F.	Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences	2020	Elderly patients Geriatric Syndromes Medication prescribing
Incidence and predictors of delirium after cardiac arrest – A retrospective registry	Aicher, N. Jäckel, M. Faye, C. Wengenmayer, T. Bode, C. Staudacher, D. L.	Resuscitation	2020	noradrenalin aged complication conference abstract controlled study delirium extubation female heart arrest human incidence induced hypothermia invasive ventilation linear regression analysis major clinical study male medical intensive care unit nurse professional standard resuscitation retrospective study rhythm risk factor
Is ketamine safe for the pre-hospital sedation of patients with excited delirium secondary to sympathomimetic toxicity?	Adams, Y.	Australasian Journal of Paramedicine	2019	adrenergic receptor stimulating agent ketamine adult adverse drug reaction ambulance Cinahl cohort analysis conference abstract delirium drug safety drug therapy evidence based medicine female human male Medline New Zealand pharmacokinetics retrospective study Scopus sedation side effect systematic review
Prospective, multi-centric benchmark study assessing delirium: prevalence, incidence and its correlates in hospitalized elderly Lebanese patients	Zrour, C. Haddad, R. Zoghbi, M. Kharsa, Z. Hijazi, M. Naja, W.	Aging Clin Exp Res	2020	Correlated factors Delirium Hospitalized elderly patients Incidence Overall prevalence
Knowledge and attitudes of adolescents with psychiatric disorders and their caregivers towards electroconvulsive therapy in China	Zong, Q. Q. Qi, H. Wang, Y. Y. Zhang, C. Balbuena, L. Ungvari, G. S. An, F. R. Xiang, Y. T.	Asian Journal of Psychiatry	2020	adolescent adolescent disease adverse outcome article caregiver China confusion controlled study critically ill patient cross-sectional study electroconvulsive therapy female headache human major clinical study male memory disorder mental disease patient attitude priority journal risk factor therapy effect
Does postoperative delirium following elective noncardiac surgery predict long-term mortality?	Ziman, N. Sands, L. P. Tang, C. Zhu, J. Leung, J. M.	Age Ageing	2020	long-term mortality older people postoperative delirium prospective studies surgery
Anxiety administrated by dexmedetomidine to prevent new-onset of postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft	Zi, J. Fan, Y. Dong, C. Zhao, Y. Li, D. Tan, Q.	International Heart Journal	2020	1800014314 C reactive protein calcium channel blocking agent dexmedetomidine dopamine epinephrine fentanyl hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor metoprolol propofol sufentanil vecuronium adult anxiety aortic pressure artery catheterization article artificial ventilation atrial fibrillation bradycardia brain infarction chronic obstructive lung disease clinical feature clinical trial controlled study delirium double blind procedure drug efficacy electrocardiography endotracheal intubation female heart left ventricle ejection fraction human hypotension incidence infusion rate intensive care unit ischemic heart disease lung pressure major clinical study male middle aged off pump coronary surgery outcome assessment priority journal prospective study psychologic assessment randomized controlled trial respiration depression risk factor sedation Self-rating Anxiety Scale sternotomy surgical technique transthoracic echocardiography
Assessment of Melatonergics in Prevention of Delirium: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis	Zhu, Y. Jiang, Z. Huang, H. Li, W. Ren, C. Yao, R. Wang, Y. Yao, Y. Li, W. Du, B. Xi, X.	Front Neurol	2020	critical care medicine delirium melatonin prevention systematic review
Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index can predict postoperative delirium and hospital length of stay in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery	Zhao, Y. Xia, X. Xie, D. Liao, Y. Wang, Y. Chen, L. Ge, N. Yue, J.	Geriatr Gerontol Int	2020	Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index elderly length of stay postoperative delirium
The geriatric nutrition risk index versus the mini-nutritional assessment short form in predicting postoperative delirium and hospital length of stay among older non-cardiac surgical patients: a prospective cohort study	Zhao, Y. Ge, N. Xie, D. Gao, L. Wang, Y. Liao, Y. Yue, J.	BMC Geriatr	2020	Geriatric nutritional risk index Length of stay Mini-nutritional assessment short form Non-cardiac surgery Older people Postoperative delirium
Perioperative Multicomponent Interdisciplinary Program Reduces Delirium Incidence in Elderly Patients With Hip Fracture	Zhao, X. Yuan, W.	J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc	2020	delirium hip fracture multicomponent nurse prevention
Emergence delirium is associated with increased postoperative delirium in elderly: a prospective observational study	Zhang, Y. He, S. T. Nie, B. Li, X. Y. Wang, D. X.	J Anesth	2020	Elderly Emergence delirium General anesthesia Major surgery Postoperative delirium
S100β as a potential biomarker of incident delirium: a systematic review and meta-analysis	Zhang, X. Lyu, Y. Wang, D.	Minerva Anestesiol	2020
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Delirium and Expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in Elderly Patients After Hip Fracture Operation	Zhang, W. Wang, T. Wang, G. Yang, M. Zhou, Y. Yuan, Y.	Front Pharmacol	2020	dexmedetomidine elderly patients hip fracture postoperative delirium pro-inflammatory factor
Nomogram Model for Predicting Risk of Postoperative Delirium After Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery in Patients Older Than 50 Years with Parkinson Disease	Zhan, L. Wang, X. Q. Zhang, L. X.	World Neurosurg	2020	Advanced age Deep brain stimulation Nomogram Parkinson disease Postoperative delirium Risk factor
Combining Ultrafast Anaesthesia and Minimal Invasive Implantation in HeartMate 3: A Pilot Study	Zayat, R. Ahmad, U. Twarie, L. Moza, A. Schaelte, G. Allham, O. Haneya, A. Khattab, M. Schnoering, H. Autschbach, R.	The Journal of heart and lung transplantation	2020	adult anesthesia article artificial ventilation bleeding cardiac index central venous pressure clinical article complication controlled study delirium extubation female heart right ventricle failure human implantation incidence intermethod comparison left ventricular assist device male middle aged multicenter study outcome assessment pilot study pneumonia postoperative complication postoperative period pulmonary artery occlusion pressure pulse wave reoperation sternotomy surgery thoracotomy inotropic agent
Exosome α-Synuclein Release in Plasma May be Associated With Postoperative Delirium in Hip Fracture Patients	Yuan, Y. Li, Z. Yang, N. Han, Y. Ji, X. Han, D. Wang, X. Li, Y. Liu, T. Yuan, F. He, J. Liu, Y. Ni, C. Zou, P. Wang, G. Guo, X. Zhou, Y.	Front Aging Neurosci	2020	exosome geriatric (aging) hip fracture postoperative delirium α-synuclein
A multicentre, pragmatic, cluster randomised, controlled feasibility trial of the POD system of care	Young, J. Green, J. Farrin, A. Collinson, M. Hartley, S. Smith, J. Teale, E. Siddiqi, N. Inouye, S. K.	Age Ageing	2020	delirium hospitals multicomponent interventions older people prevention
Association of Reversal of Anticoagulation Preoperatively on 30-Day Mortality and Outcomes for Hip Fracture Surgery	Yoo, M. S. Zhu, S. Jiang, S. F. Hammer, H. L. McBride, W. J. McCarthy, C. M. Green, C. E. Ananias, M. P.	American Journal of Medicine	2020	adult aged anticoagulation article California controlled study delirium drug therapy hip fracture human international normalized ratio length of stay male mortality multicenter study (topic) perioperative medicine preoperative evaluation surgery systematic review warfarin
Perioperative Complications and Prognosis of Curative Surgical Resection for Spinal Metastases in Elderly Patients	Yonezawa, N. Murakami, H. Demura, S. Kato, S. Yoshioka, K. Shinmura, K. Yokogawa, N. Shimizu, T. Oku, N. Kitagawa, R. Handa, M. Annen, R. Kurokawa, Y. Tsuchiya, H.	World Neurosurgery	2020	titanium cage liquid nitrogen tranexamic acid adult aged aged hospital patient article autograft bladder cancer breast cancer cancer of unknown primary site cancer prognosis cancer recurrence cerebellum hemorrhage cervical spine chondrosarcoma chylothorax computer assisted tomography corpectomy deep vein thrombosis distant metastasis female follow up Frankel grade functional status hemivertebrectomy human Kaplan Meier method leiomyosarcoma liquorrhea lung embolism major clinical study male middle aged neurological complication osteosarcoma overall survival peroperative complication pleura effusion pneumocephalus pneumothorax postoperative complication postoperative delirium preoperative evaluation renal cell carcinoma reoperation retrospective study sarcoma spinal cord infarction spinal cord ischemia spine metastasis spine radiography spine surgery subdural hematoma surgical approach surgical infection surgical technique survival analysis survival rate thoracolumbar spine thyroid cancer total en bloc spondylectomy vertebra body walking wound dehiscence
Risk factors for delirium in intensive care unit and its duration	Yanyan, L. Dajiang, Y. Xiaoya, L. Shao, W.	Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue	2020	sedative agent APACHE article artificial ventilation disease duration drug use female general anesthesia human hypoxia incidence intensive care psychosis intensive care unit length of stay major clinical study male risk factor screening sex difference spinal anesthesia treatment duration
Melatonergic agents in the prevention of delirium: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials	Yang, C. P. Tseng, P. T. Pei-Chen Chang, J. Su, H. Satyanarayanan, S. K. Su, K. P.	Sleep Med Rev	2020	Delirium Melatonin Melatonin agonist Prevention Ramelteon
Oxycodone preemptive analgesia after endoscopic plasma total adenotonsillectomy in children a randomized controlled trial	Wu, J. Gui, Q. Wang, J. Ye, J. Xia, Z. Wang, S. Liu, F. Kong, F. Zhong, L.	Medicine (United States)	2020	ChiCTR-INR-16009116 BCDB-100 electronic analgesia pump Datex-Ohmeda S/5 monitor monitor pump atropine cisatracurium hetastarch messenger RNA oxycodone oxygen propofol protein c fos remifentanil sufentanil adenotonsillar hypertrophy adenotonsillectomy analgesia analgesic activity article child continuous infusion controlled study drug efficacy electroencephalogram endoscopic plasma total adenotonsillectomy endoscopic surgery extubation Face Legs Activity Cry and Consolability score female follow up human major clinical study male nausea operation duration outcome assessment pediatric anesthesia Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium score postoperative analgesia postoperative pain postoperative period prediction preemptive analgesia preschool child priority journal probability protein blood level quantitative analysis randomized controlled trial real time polymerase chain reaction response entropy scoring system sleep disordered breathing stress
Delirium screening practice in specialist palliative care units: a survey	Woodhouse, R. Siddiqi, N. Boland, J. W. Featherstone, I. Johnson, M. J.	BMJ Support Palliat Care	2020	delirium hospice care terminal care
Movements and trends in intensive care pain treatment and sedation: What matters to the patient?	Wøien, H.	J Clin Nurs	2020	Adult Aged Critical Care/ methods Delirium/prevention & control Female Guideline Adherence Humans Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage/ adverse effects Longitudinal Studies Male Middle Aged Pain/drug therapy Pain Management/ methods Prospective Studies Respiration, Artificial/methods analgosedation critically ill delirium implementation intensive care pain sedation
Quetiapine therapy in critically injured trauma patients is associated with an increased risk of pulmonary complications	Wessels, L. E. Wallace, J. D. Calvo, R. Y. Levko, T. Bowie, J. M. Butler, W. J. Bansal, V. Sise, C. B. Martin, M. J. Sise, M. J.	Am J Surg	2020	Antipsychotic Agents/ adverse effects Critical Illness Delirium/ drug therapy/ etiology Female Humans Intensive Care Units Lung Diseases/ chemically induced Male Middle Aged Quetiapine Fumarate/ adverse effects Retrospective Studies Risk Factors Trauma Centers Wounds and Injuries/ complications Delirium Pulmonary complications Quetiapine Sedation Trauma